Bathroom Design and Accessibility

Study Notes

A bathroom is a 3rd-class space for personal hygiene, with minimum area of 3 m², minimum side of 1.20 m, and minimum height of 2.20 m.
Minimum area of toilet is 1 m², with a minimum side of 0.80 m.
Accessibility requirements must be met, especially in public buildings.
Natural lighting is not required, but recommended to reduce energy consumption and improve habitability.
Ventilation is required, with openings for air extraction through ducts, and a minimum height of 2 m.
Flooring and walls should be waterproof, with a minimum height of 2 m.

Minimum equipment required:
- Toilet (with cold water)
- Sink (with cold and hot water)
- Shower or bathtub (with cold and hot water)
- Bidet (with cold and hot water)
Recommended equipment:
- Double-flush toilet to save water
- Aerator to mix water with air, reducing consumption by 40-70%
- Single-lever mixer faucet to prevent leaks and regulate water flow

Minimum distance between artifacts is 0.15 m.
Minimum passage space is 0.55 m.
Wheelchair accessible space should be at least 1.20 m in diameter.
Space under the sink should be at least 0.70 m high to allow for wheelchair access.

A kitchen is a 2nd-class space for food preparation, storage, and cleaning, with minimum area of 3 m², minimum side of 1.50 m, and minimum height of 2 m.
Ventilation is required, with a duct for the kitchen hood.
The "activity triangle" concept should be considered, with cooking, preparation, and refrigeration areas in close proximity.

Minimum distance between countertops is 1.20 m.
Minimum space in front of the cooking area is 1.20 m.
Standard dimensions for appliances and furniture vary, but should be considered in the design.
The kitchen should be designed to accommodate different user paths and workflows.

Water-saving equipment and appliances should be installed.
Prefabricated bathroom modules can be used to reduce construction time and costs.
Accessibility and sustentability should be considered in the design of bathrooms and kitchens.