Basicity of Acids & Acidity of Bases

Questions and Answers

What defines the basicity of an acid?

The basicity of an acid is defined as the number of hydrogen ions that can be produced per molecule of the acid in an aqueous solution.

Give an example of a dibasic acid and explain its basicity.

An example of a dibasic acid is H2SO4, which has a basicity of 2 because it produces two hydrogen ions per molecule.

What is the basicity of H3PO4 and how does it behave in solution?

H3PO4 has a basicity of 3; it ionizes to produce three hydrogen ions per molecule in a solution.

Describe a monobasic base and provide an example.

A monobasic base, like NaOH, produces one hydroxyl ion per molecule when dissolved in an aqueous solution. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a triacidic base, and can you name one?

A triacidic base produces three hydroxyl ions per molecule, and an example is Al(OH)3. Signup and view all the answers

How does the basicity of an acid relate to the number of replaceable hydrogen ions?

The basicity of an acid indicates the number of replaceable hydrogen ions per molecule of the acid present in an aqueous solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the acidity of a diacidic base, and what does it imply?

The acidity of a diacidic base is 2, meaning it can produce two hydroxyl ions per molecule of the base in solution. Signup and view all the answers

Can you name a monobasic acid and its characteristic behavior in solution?

HCl is a monobasic acid that ionizes in solution to produce one hydrogen ion per molecule. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of dissociation in dibasic acids using an example.

Dibasic acids, such as H2SO4, dissociate in two steps to release two hydrogen ions into solution. Signup and view all the answers

What types of salts can tribasic acids form and why?

Tribasic acids can form three salts: two acid salts and one normal salt due to their ability to donate three hydrogen ions. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Basicity of Acids & Acidity of Bases

Basicity of an acid: Number of hydrogen ions generated per molecule in aqueous solution.
Acidity of a base: Number of hydroxyl ions produced per molecule in aqueous solution.

Monobasic Acid

Basicity: 1; produces one hydrogen ion per molecule.
Contains one replaceable hydrogen ion if water-soluble.
Dissociates in one step in aqueous solution.
Examples include HCl, HNO3, and CH3COOH.
Acetic acid (CH3COOH) has four hydrogen atoms but only releases one ion.

Dibasic Acid

Basicity: 2; produces two hydrogen ions per molecule.
Contains two replaceable hydrogen ions in water-soluble acids.
Dissociates in two steps in aqueous solution.
Examples include H2SO3, H2SO4, and H2CO3.

Tribasic Acid

Basicity: 3; produces three hydrogen ions per molecule.
Contains three replaceable hydrogen ions if water-soluble.
Dissociates in three steps in aqueous solution.
Example: H3PO4.
Can form three salts:
- NaH2PO4 (monosodium dihydrogen phosphate)
- Na2HPO4 (disodium hydrogen phosphate)
- Na3PO4 (trisodium phosphate - normal salt)

Monoacidic Base

Acidity: 1; produces one hydroxyl ion per molecule.
Contains one replaceable hydroxyl ion if water-soluble.
Dissociates in one step in aqueous solution.
Examples: NaOH, KOH, NH4OH.

Diacidic Base

Acidity: 2; produces two hydroxyl ions per molecule.
Contains two replaceable hydroxyl ions in water-soluble bases.
Dissociates in one step in aqueous solution.
Examples: Ca(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, Cu(OH)2.

Triacidic Base

Acidity: 3; produces three hydroxyl ions per molecule.
Contains three replaceable hydroxyl ions if soluble.
Dissociates in one step in aqueous solution.
Example: Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3 (note: water insoluble).

Description

Explore the concepts of basicity and acidity in this quiz. Understand how the number of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions relate to acids and bases. Test your knowledge on monobasic acids and the properties that define them.