Acids and Their Basicity

Questions and Answers

What defines a monobasic acid?

A monobasic acid has a basicity of 1, producing one hydrogen ion per molecule in solution.

Explain the basicity of dibasic acids.

Dibasic acids have a basicity of 2, producing two hydrogen ions per molecule and dissociating in two steps.

Provide an example of a tribasic acid and describe its dissociation.

An example of a tribasic acid is H3PO4, which dissociates in three steps to produce three hydrogen ions.

How does the basicity of an acid relate to the number of replaceable hydrogen ions?

The basicity of an acid is equal to the number of replaceable hydrogen ions it contains per molecule. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics define a monoacidic base?

A monoacidic base has an acidity of 1, producing one hydroxyl ion per molecule in solution. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the dissociation steps involved with dibasic acids using H2SO4 as an example.

H2SO4 dissociates in two steps to produce HSO4- and then SO42-, releasing two hydrogen ions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of dissociation in understanding acid and base strength?

Dissociation reveals how many ions an acid or base releases in solution, indicating its strength and basicity/acidity. Signup and view all the answers

How many different types of salts can a tribasic acid form?

A tribasic acid can form three types of salts: two acid salts and one normal salt. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a monoacidic base and its dissociation equation.

An example of a monoacidic base is NaOH, which dissociates to Na+ + OH-. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Basicity of Acids

Basicity refers to the number of hydrogen ions (H+) an acid produces in an aqueous solution.
Monobasic Acid
- Basicity = 1
- Produces one hydrogen ion per molecule.
- Contains one replaceable hydrogen ion; dissociates in one step.
- Example: HCl → H3O+ + Cl-
- Forms only one type of salt (normal salt).
- Example reaction: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
- Examples include HCl, HNO3, CH3COOH (acetic acid).
Dibasic Acid
- Basicity = 2
- Produces two hydrogen ions per molecule; contains two replaceable hydrogen ions.
- Dissociates in two steps.
- Example reactions: H2SO4 dissociates to produce HSO4- and SO42-.
- Forms two types of salts (acid and normal salt).
- Example: NaOH + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + H2O or Na2SO4.
- Examples include H2SO3, H2SO4, H2CO3.
Tribasic Acid
- Basicity = 3
- Produces three hydrogen ions per molecule; contains three replaceable hydrogen ions.
- Dissociates in three steps.
- Example reactions: H3PO4 dissociates to produce H2PO4-, HPO42-, and PO43-.
- Forms three types of salts (two acid, one normal).
- Example: NaOH + H3PO4 → NaH2PO4 + H2O.
- Examples include H3PO4.

Acidity of Bases

Acidity refers to the number of hydroxyl ions (OH-) a base produces in an aqueous solution.
Monoacidic Base
- Acidity = 1
- Produces one hydroxyl ion per molecule; contains one replaceable hydroxyl ion.
- Dissociates in one step in aqueous solution.
- Example: NaOH dissociates to produce Na+ and OH-.

Description

This quiz focuses on the basicity of acids, emphasizing the number of hydrogen ions produced per molecule in aqueous solutions. Explore the concept of monobasic acids, their characteristics, and the process of ionization. Test your understanding of acid behavior in various scenarios.