Basic Taxonomic Concepts - General Biology 2 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which concept involves identifying unique characteristics of a particular taxon in relation to others?

  • Evolutionary relatedness
  • Species diversity
  • Cladistics
  • Taxonomical Hierarchy (correct)

What is the main focus of cladistics in taxonomy?

  • Classifying organisms based on unique traits
  • Establishing evolutionary relationships (correct)
  • Identifying the least similar species
  • Building species diversity

What type of evidence is used to establish evolutionary relationships in cladistics?

  • Geographic location
  • Morphological characteristics (correct)
  • Age of species
  • Population density

In taxonomy, which level of classification is based on evolutionary relatedness?

<p>Kingdom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key role of a notochord in the Phylum Chordata?

<p>Supports the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves building cladograms to infer evolutionary relatedness?

<p>Phylogenetic reconstruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is phylogeny primarily concerned with?

<p>The history of the evolution of a species or group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagram is used to represent the evolutionary relationships among species?

<p>Phylogenetic tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a clade?

<p>A group of organisms that includes an ancestor and its descendants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by mammals?

<p>Feathers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of organisms is most closely related?

<p>Kangaroo and crocodile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used to determine ancestor-descendant relationships in cladistics?

<p>Comparing traits in related species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the phylum Porifera?

<p>Porous body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phyla is characterized by bilateral symmetry?

<p>Platyhelminthes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the phylum Arthropoda?

<p>Jointed appendages, exoskeleton, and segmented body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a species?

<p>Organisms that can reproduce naturally with one another and create fertile offspring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Greek and Latin used for scientific names?

<p>Because the meanings of Greek and Latin words are permanently fixed and universally understood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for writing the genus and species in binomial nomenclature?

<p>The genus is always written first, and the species is always written second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Taxonomical Hierarchy

Identifying unique traits of a taxon relative to others.

Cladistics

Establishing evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Morphological characteristics

Physical characteristics of organisms.

Kingdom

Broadest taxonomic rank based on evolutionary relatedness.

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Notochord's Role

Flexible rod that provides support to the body.

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Phylogenetic reconstruction

Inferring evolutionary relationships by constructing cladograms.

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Phylogeny

The evolutionary history of a species.

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Phylogenetic tree

Diagram showing evolutionary relationships.

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Clade

A group with a common ancestor and all its descendants.

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Porifera Characteristic

Porous body for filter-feeding.

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Bilateral symmetry

Having a left and right side that are mirror images.

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Arthropoda Traits

Jointed appendages, exoskeleton, segmented body

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Defining Species

Able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

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Greek/Latin in Naming:

Dead languages with consistent, universal meanings.

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Binomial Order

Genus first, then species.

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Trait comparison

Comparing physical and genetic characteristics.

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Evolutionary relationships

Representing a group of related organisms

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Mammal Exclusion

Egg laying vertebrates

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