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Questions and Answers
What is the responsibility of parents or guardians for workers below 15 years of age?
What is the responsibility of parents or guardians for workers below 15 years of age?
In what year was the Employees' Compensation Program implemented?
In what year was the Employees' Compensation Program implemented?
Who can form or join legitimate worker's organizations according to the text?
Who can form or join legitimate worker's organizations according to the text?
What type of working conditions should employers provide to workers?
What type of working conditions should employers provide to workers?
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When is an employee eligible to join a union according to the text?
When is an employee eligible to join a union according to the text?
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Which age group is restricted from employment in hazardous undertakings?
Which age group is restricted from employment in hazardous undertakings?
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What is included in the Employees' Compensation Program?
What is included in the Employees' Compensation Program?
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Who has the right to self-organization according to the text?
Who has the right to self-organization according to the text?
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What is the main purpose of collective bargaining?
What is the main purpose of collective bargaining?
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What should employers provide workers against on-the-job risks?
What should employers provide workers against on-the-job risks?
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Study Notes
Equal Opportunities
- The State protects labor, promotes full employment, and provides equal work opportunities regardless of gender, race, or creed.
Security of Tenure
- Every employee is assured security of tenure and cannot be dismissed from work except for a just or authorized cause, and only after due process.
Work Days and Work Hours
- A work day refers to any day during which an employee is regularly required to work.
- Hours of work include all time an employee renders actual work, or is required to be on duty or at a prescribed workplace.
- Normal hours of work in a day is 8 hours, including breaks or rest periods of less than one hour, but excluding meal periods of at least one hour.
Weekly Rest Day
- An employee is entitled to a day-off of 24 consecutive hours after 6 days of work, scheduled by the employer in consultation with the workers.
Wage and Wage-Related Benefits
- Wage is the amount paid to an employee in exchange for a task, piece of work, or service rendered to an employer.
- An employer cannot make any deduction from an employee's wage except for insurance premiums with the consent of the employee.
Payment of Wages
- Wages shall be paid in cash, legal tender at or near the place of work.
- Wages shall be given not less than once every two weeks or twice within a month at intervals not exceeding 16 days.
Employment of Women
- Women are prohibited from working at night in industrial undertakings from 10PM to 6AM, commercial/non-industrial undertakings from 12MN to 6AM, and agricultural undertakings at night time unless given not less than 9 consecutive hours of rest.
- Welfare facilities must be installed at the workplace, such as seats, separate toilet rooms, lavatories, and dressing rooms.
- There is a prohibition against discrimination with respect to pay, promotion, training opportunities, study, and scholarship grants.
Employment of Children
- The minimum employable age is 15 years.
- A worker below 15 years of age should be directly under the sole responsibility of parents or guardians.
- Work does not interfere with a child's schooling or normal development.
- No person below 18 years of age can be employed in hazardous or deleterious undertakings.
Safe Working Conditions
- Employers must provide workers with every kind of on-the-job protection against injury, sickness, or death through safe and healthful working conditions.
Right to Self-Organization and Collective Bargaining
- Every worker has the right to self-organization, free of any interference from the employer or government, to form or join any legitimate worker's organization, association, or union of their own choice.
- Except for managerial or confidential employees, all employees may form or join unions for purposes of collective bargaining and other legitimate concerted activities.
- An employee is eligible for membership in an appropriate union on the first day of their employment.
EC Benefits for Work-Related Contingencies
- The Employees' Compensation Program is a tax-exempt compensation program for employees and their dependents created under Presidential Decree No. 626, implemented in March 1975.
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Description
Explore the fundamental rights that employees are entitled to according to the Department of Labor and Employment in the Philippines. Learn about equal work opportunities for all individuals, regardless of gender, race, or creed. Check if your employer is adhering to these essential rules.
