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Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of first aid?
What should you check before approaching the victim?
How should you stop bleeding?
What should you do to treat a burn?
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What are the signs of a heart attack?
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What should you do if someone is experiencing an allergic reaction?
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What is the FAST method used for?
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What should you do if someone is experiencing shock?
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Study Notes
Basic Principles of First Aid
- The goal of first aid is to preserve life, prevent further harm, and promote recovery.
- First aid should only be performed by someone trained in the proper techniques.
Assessing the Situation
- Check the scene for safety before approaching the victim.
- Check the victim's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) and provide rescue breathing or CPR if necessary.
- Identify the type and severity of the injury or illness.
Wound Care
- Stop bleeding by applying pressure with a clean cloth or bandage.
- Clean wounds with cool or lukewarm water and mild soap.
- Apply antibiotic ointment and cover with a sterile bandage.
Bleeding Control
- Apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or gauze.
- Elevate the injured limb above heart level, if possible.
- Apply a tourniquet or hemostatic agent, if trained to do so.
Burns
- Stop the burning process by removing the source of heat or flame.
- Cool the burn with cool or lukewarm water for 10-15 minutes.
- Remove clothing and jewelry near the burned area.
- Apply a topical antibiotic ointment and cover with a sterile, non-stick dressing.
Cardiac Emergencies
- Recognize the signs of a heart attack: chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, cold sweats, lightheadedness.
- Call for emergency medical services (EMS) if symptoms persist for 5 minutes.
- Begin CPR if the victim is unresponsive.
Allergic Reactions
- Recognize the signs of an allergic reaction: hives, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing.
- Administer epinephrine using an EpiPen, if available and trained to do so.
- Call for EMS and provide rescue breathing and CPR, if necessary.
Other Emergencies
- Stroke: recognize the signs of a stroke using the FAST method (Face, Arm, Speech, Time).
- Poisoning: identify the poison, if possible, and call the national poison control center.
- Shock: recognize the signs of shock (pale or cool skin, fast or weak pulse, shallow breathing).
Goals and Principles of First Aid
- Preserve life, prevent further harm, and promote recovery
- Only performed by someone trained in proper techniques
Assessing the Situation
- Check the scene for safety before approaching the victim
- Check the victim's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
- Provide rescue breathing or CPR if necessary
- Identify the type and severity of the injury or illness
Wound Care
- Stop bleeding with pressure and a clean cloth or bandage
- Clean wounds with cool or lukewarm water and mild soap
- Apply antibiotic ointment and cover with a sterile bandage
Bleeding Control
- Apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or gauze
- Elevate the injured limb above heart level, if possible
- Apply a tourniquet or hemostatic agent, if trained to do so
Burns
- Stop the burning process by removing the source of heat or flame
- Cool the burn with cool or lukewarm water for 10-15 minutes
- Remove clothing and jewelry near the burned area
- Apply a topical antibiotic ointment and cover with a sterile, non-stick dressing
Cardiac Emergencies
- Recognize signs of a heart attack: chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, cold sweats, lightheadedness
- Call for EMS if symptoms persist for 5 minutes
- Begin CPR if the victim is unresponsive
Allergic Reactions
- Recognize signs of an allergic reaction: hives, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing
- Administer epinephrine using an EpiPen, if available and trained to do so
- Call for EMS and provide rescue breathing and CPR, if necessary
Other Emergencies
- Stroke: recognize signs using the FAST method (Face, Arm, Speech, Time)
- Poisoning: identify the poison, if possible, and call the national poison control center
- Shock: recognize signs (pale or cool skin, fast or weak pulse, shallow breathing)
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basic principles of first aid, including assessing the situation, wound care, and more. Learn how to preserve life, prevent further harm, and promote recovery.
