37 Questions
What is the main purpose of feedback in the context of student learning?
To provide information about performance relative to learning goals
According to Hattie (2009), what impact does teacher feedback have on learner motivation?
Significant positive impact
What can praising learners for tasks they enjoy potentially do?
Reduce intrinsic motivation
According to Kluger and DeNisi (1996), what can different types of feedback lead to?
A mix of positive, negative, or no impact effects
How does selective praise impact learners' perceptions of intelligence?
It leads learners to believe the praised individual is less clever
Why is negative feedback considered important for learning?
To help learners identify their weaknesses and areas for improvement
What can educators do to enhance relatedness in the classroom?
Use collaborative activities
How does self-determination impact motivation according to the text?
It results in intrinsic motivation
What is one factor that influences student self-determination according to the text?
Parental autonomy support
How does parental influence on student self-determination change as students get older?
It decreases with age
What aspects are linked to classroom environments supporting student self-determination?
High attendance and engagement
What is NOT a benefit associated with classroom environments that support student self-determination?
Decreased use of self-regulated learning strategies
In what types of schools was the research on students' motivational profiles conducted?
U.S. and Korean schools
What did research show about the influence of teachers' messages on student motivation?
'Teachers' messages influence student motivational profiles'
According to the National Study of Learning Mindsets, students who received the growth mindset intervention showed improvement in math grades when their teacher had a ______ mindset.
Growth
In the context of mindset interventions, which students are most likely to benefit from a growth mindset intervention based on the interpretations provided?
Students with a strong fixed mindset
Based on the findings of Yeager et al. (2022), students who started the year with more of a fixed mindset and changed to more of a growth mindset showed ______ improvement compared to students who started with a growth mindset.
Significant
Which statement best reflects the implications of growth mindsets discussed in the text?
Mindset interventions must consider both teacher and student mindsets for effective outcomes.
In the National Study of Learning Mindsets, what condition were the students in the control group exposed to?
Brain and memory learning
According to Yeager & Dweck (2012), what belief in students promotes resilience?
'Personal characteristics can be developed.'
From the information provided, what role does a teacher's mindset play in student performance?
It can either enhance or hinder student performance.
In the context of growth mindset interventions, what is emphasized as deeply embedded in the classroom environment?
'Mindset is deeply embedded in the classroom context.'
What is the key challenge related to mindset according to the text?
Identifying triggers that lead to a fixed mindset
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of experiencing flow as per the text?
Self-consciousness
What is the difference between saying 'You are not a math person' and 'You just haven't mastered this strategy yet'?
Supporting growth mindset vs. fixed mindset
What does the concept of 'flow' primarily refer to?
Being fully engaged in an activity that feels effortless
Which term best describes the state where individuals operate at their full capacity as mentioned in the text?
Flow state
In connection to learning commitment, what is flow linked to according to the text?
'Leaners' commitment in learning'
What triggers individuals into a fixed mindset trait according to the text?
Lack of intrinsic motivation
Which mindset involves believing that everyone is a mixture of fixed and growth mindsets?
'Leaners' mindset'
What is the term used to describe the need for individuals to feel competent and a sense of mastery over their environment?
Competency need
How can educators promote a sense of competency among learners?
By ensuring a good fit between learner skills and tasks
Which basic need in SDT involves having choices and being able to make decisions?
Autonomy
According to Deci & Ryan (2002), autonomy involves having our own wishes and choices determine actions rather than what external factors?
Rewards
How can educators foster autonomy in learners according to the text?
By giving learners choices about topics and activities
Which basic need in SDT is characterized by feeling connected, attached to others, and having a sense of belonging to a group?
Relatedness
According to G.Thompson (2008) and Woolfolk Hoy & Weinstein (2006), what enhances students' chances of succeeding in high school and pursuing higher education?
Positive relationships with teachers
Study Notes
Feedback
- Feedback has a significant impact on learner motivation (Hattie, 2009)
- Feedback is essential for learning, particularly in active learning where students construct their own understanding
- Feedback provides information about how the student's current performance relates to the learning goal (Van den Berg, Ros, & Beijaard, 2014)
Types of Feedback
- Praise and negative feedback can have varying consequences (Kluger and DeNisi, 1996)
- Praising learners for tasks they enjoy can reduce intrinsic motivation and increase extrinsic motivation (Henderlong and Lepper, 2002)
- Selective praise can lead to perceptions of differences in intelligence (Meyer, 1992)
- Negative feedback is important for learning, helping learners identify weaknesses and areas for improvement
Self-Determination Theory
- Student self-determination is influenced by classroom goal structure and parental autonomy support (Jang et al., 2009)
- Classroom environments that support student self-determination and autonomy are linked to increased student interest, curiosity, sense of competence, creativity, and conceptual learning (Hafen et al., 2012; Jang, Kim, & Reeve, 2012; Moller, Deci, & Ryan, 2006; Pulfrey, Darnon, & Butera, 2013; Reeve, 2009; Shih, 2008)
Mindset
- Students with a growth mindset who have teachers with a growth mindset show improvement in math grades (Yeager et al., 2022)
- Students who start the year with a fixed mindset and change to a growth mindset show greater improvement than students who start the year with a growth mindset
- Mindset interventions need to consider both the teacher and students' initial mindset to fully understand any changes
- A growth mindset can be developed, but it is deeply embedded in the classroom context (Yeager & Dweck, 2012)
Flow
- Flow is the experience of being fully engaged in an activity, feeling effortless and engaging (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975)
- Flow occurs when fully engaged with the task at hand, not focused on the final outcome; linked to intrinsic motivation
- Flow is connected to learners' commitment in learning, promoting self-efficacy and helping learners establish better learning goals (J.Kim, Schallert, & Kim, 2010)
Basic Needs in Self-Determination Theory
- Autonomy is the need for control over actions and behaviors, involving having choices and making decisions (Deci & Ryan, 2002; Reeve, 2009)
- Relatedness is feeling connected and attached to others, experiencing a sense of belonging to a group (G.Thompson, 2008; Woolfolk Hoy & Weinstein, 2006)
Explore the concept of basic needs in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and how it affects learners' sense of competency, self-efficacy, and goal-setting. Learn about creating a supportive environment for learners to feel competent and motivated to try new skills.
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