Basic Psychological Needs in Self-Determination Theory
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Basic Psychological Needs in Self-Determination Theory

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Questions and Answers

What is autonomy satisfaction characterized by?

  • Doubting one's ability
  • Feeling controlled by internal pressures
  • Feeling a sense of isolation
  • Feeling a sense of choice and volition (correct)

    • What happens when competence is frustrated?

  • The individual feels a sense of connectedness with others
  • The individual feels a sense of failure and doubts their ability (correct)
  • The individual feels a sense of autonomy
  • The individual feels effective in achieving outcomes

    • What is the outcome when basic psychological needs are satisfied?

  • A lack of motivation
  • Well-being (correct)
  • A sense of isolation
  • Ill-being

    • What is the main focus of basic psychological needs?

    <p>Personal growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are autonomy, competence, and relatedness important?

    <p>They are universal human needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of autonomy frustration?

    <p>A sense of feeling controlled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates individuals who experience a sense of connection and belonging with others?

    <p>Intrinsic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scale is used to measure self-determination in personality?

    <p>The General Causality Orientations Scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the natural inclination to adopt and share another person's emotional state?

    <p>Empathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the term 'empathy'?

    <p>Greek word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which authors are associated with the development of Self-Determination Theory?

    <p>Deci and Ryan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the book that discusses the psychology of self-motivation?

    <p>Applied Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a result of engaging in self-oriented perspective taking?

    <p>Significant personal distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of other-oriented perspective taking?

    <p>Understanding another person's point of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of empathy is most beneficial for both the giver and the receiver?

    <p>Other-oriented response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be developed through engaging in other-oriented perspective taking?

    <p>Empathic concern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential outcome of effectively teaching individuals how to practice empathy?

    <p>Reduced compassion fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary approach to perspective taking that can lead to the development of empathy?

    <p>Other-oriented approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of mirror neurons?

    <p>They exhibit activity both when an animal performs a specific action and when it observes another animal performing the same action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the researcher who led the team that discovered mirror neurons?

    <p>Giacomo Rizzolatti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the brain was Rizzolatti and his team originally studying?

    <p>Motor cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was initially observed in relation to the activity of mirror neurons?

    <p>Actions such as reaching and grasping objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed biological basis of social cognition?

    <p>The mirror neuron system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of mirror neurons 'mirroring' the observed action?

    <p>Neural simulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial crucial step in increasing empathy?

    <p>Embracing a growth mindset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of people who perceive empathy as a fixed trait?

    <p>They are less inclined to exert effort in empathizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of engaging with diverse forms of media in cultivating empathy?

    <p>It provides a backdrop for adopting someone else's viewpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives individuals who hold a growth mindset to empathize with others?

    <p>The aspiration to foster empathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can individuals develop a heightened concern for others?

    <p>By paying closer attention to others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of individuals who actively seek to empathize with individuals who are unfamiliar?

    <p>They may actively seek to empathize with individuals who are different from themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Basic Psychological Needs

    • SDT proposes three basic human needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness
    • Autonomy: the need to feel free of external constraints on behavior, experienced when feeling a sense of choice and volition
    • Competence: the need to feel capable or skilled, experienced when feeling effective and capable of achieving desired outcomes
    • Relatedness: the need to feel connected or involved with others, experienced when feeling a sense of connectedness with others
    • These needs are universal and when satisfied, conduce toward well-being, and when frustrated, lead to ill-being

    Emotional Intelligence: Empathy

    • Empathy: derived from the Greek word "empatheia" meaning "feeling into"
    • Empathy occurs when an individual adopts and shares the emotional state of another person
    • Self-oriented perspective taking: imagining oneself in another person's position, can lead to personal distress and compassion fatigue
    • Other-oriented perspective taking: imagining and understanding another person's point of view, leads to empathic concern and compassion
    • Empathy can be innate or acquired through deliberate learning and practice

    Cultivating Empathy

    • Desire to grow in empathy: embracing a growth mindset and believing empathy can be developed
    • Exposure to differences: engaging with diverse forms of media, cultures, and perspectives to develop empathic abilities
    • Other strategies for cultivating empathy include active listening, asking open-ended questions, and practicing mindfulness

    Mirror Neuron System

    • Mirror neurons: exhibit activity both when an animal performs a specific action and when it observes another animal performing the same action
    • The mirror neuron system (MNS) is the biological basis of social cognition, including empathy
    • Discovery of mirror neurons by Giacomo Rizzolatti and his colleagues in the 1990s
    • Mirror neurons "mirror" observed actions, and are involved in controlling hand and mouth movements in the premotor cortex and inferior parietal lobule of the brain

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    Description

    Test your understanding of Self-Determination Theory's three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Learn how these needs impact motivation and experience.

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