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Questions and Answers
What happens to the current when a capacitor is fully charged?
What happens to the current when a capacitor is fully charged?
A capacitor allows continuous direct current to flow through it.
A capacitor allows continuous direct current to flow through it.
False
What effect does connecting a capacitor to a direct current have when it is fully charged?
What effect does connecting a capacitor to a direct current have when it is fully charged?
The current stops flowing.
A capacitor discharges rapidly when it is ______.
A capacitor discharges rapidly when it is ______.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What causes blowback voltage in a circuit?
What causes blowback voltage in a circuit?
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Electrolytic capacitors do not have to be connected with a specific polarity.
Electrolytic capacitors do not have to be connected with a specific polarity.
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What is the unit of measurement for capacitance?
What is the unit of measurement for capacitance?
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Capacitance is increased by placing a __________ material between the plates of a capacitor.
Capacitance is increased by placing a __________ material between the plates of a capacitor.
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Which type of capacitor tends to leak charge more slowly?
Which type of capacitor tends to leak charge more slowly?
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Capacitors can only store energy from a battery.
Capacitors can only store energy from a battery.
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What happens to the current flow when a capacitor is charging?
What happens to the current flow when a capacitor is charging?
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Match the following capacitor types with their characteristics:
Match the following capacitor types with their characteristics:
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What does the third band on a resistor represent?
What does the third band on a resistor represent?
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A resistor with yellow, purple, and red bands has a resistance of 4700 ohms.
A resistor with yellow, purple, and red bands has a resistance of 4700 ohms.
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What is the formula used to calculate Current (I) in a circuit?
What is the formula used to calculate Current (I) in a circuit?
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A circuit without enough resistance in its load is known as a ______.
A circuit without enough resistance in its load is known as a ______.
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Match the following resistor colors with their values:
Match the following resistor colors with their values:
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Which color band indicates a tolerance of 1%?
Which color band indicates a tolerance of 1%?
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An open circuit has a complete loop allowing current to flow.
An open circuit has a complete loop allowing current to flow.
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What determines the maximum resistance of a potentiometer?
What determines the maximum resistance of a potentiometer?
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What is the total resistance of a series circuit?
What is the total resistance of a series circuit?
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In a parallel circuit, the total current is equal to the sum of individual branch currents.
In a parallel circuit, the total current is equal to the sum of individual branch currents.
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What happens to current when voltage is stepped down by a transformer?
What happens to current when voltage is stepped down by a transformer?
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The formula for finding the output voltage in a voltage divider is Vout = Vin * (R2/______)
The formula for finding the output voltage in a voltage divider is Vout = Vin * (R2/______)
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What characterizes an inductor?
What characterizes an inductor?
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What is the unit of measurement for voltage?
What is the unit of measurement for voltage?
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Match the following types of loads with their descriptions:
Match the following types of loads with their descriptions:
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AC voltage only has a sinusoidal waveform and cannot have a DC component.
AC voltage only has a sinusoidal waveform and cannot have a DC component.
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Current flows from negative to positive.
Current flows from negative to positive.
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What is the relationship between power, voltage, and current?
What is the relationship between power, voltage, and current?
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What are the two components of a transformer called?
What are the two components of a transformer called?
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A resistor is used to control the flow of _______ in a circuit.
A resistor is used to control the flow of _______ in a circuit.
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What does a ±10% resistor with a nominal value of 100 ohms mean?
What does a ±10% resistor with a nominal value of 100 ohms mean?
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What is the purpose of using a resistor in an LED circuit?
What is the purpose of using a resistor in an LED circuit?
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What is a floating ground?
What is a floating ground?
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Match the following components with their primary characteristics:
Match the following components with their primary characteristics:
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Study Notes
Basic Electronic Parameters and Components
- Voltage: Difference in electric charge between two points, measured in Volts.
- Current: Flow of electrons through a conductor or semiconductor, measured in Amperes (Amps). Current flows from positive to negative. Materials conduct current differently (conductors, semiconductors, insulators).
- Power: Determines the work a circuit can do, measured in Watts (Watts = Volts x Amps).
- Ground: Minimum voltage reference level. True ground connects to Earth; circuits can be battery-powered and not directly connected to Earth (floating ground).
- Resistance: Measured in Ohms (Ω). Resistors control current and voltage drops in circuits. They limit current flow to prevent component damage (e.g., LEDs). Resistors dissipate energy as heat; their rating indicates the maximum power they can handle without damage. Resistance values have tolerances (e.g., ±10%).
Resistor Color Code
- Resistor values are represented by color bands.
- First two bands represent the first two digits of the resistance value.
- Third band is the multiplier (number of zeros to add).
- Fourth band (tolerance) indicates the accuracy of the resistance value.
Potentiometers
- Variable resistors; a wiper (movable contact) moves between two leads, changing the resistance value.
- Linear potentiometers have resistance that varies directly with the knob rotation.
- Logarithmic potentiometers have resistance that changes exponentially with rotation.
Ohm's Law
- Ohm's Law relates voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R): V = IR, I = V/R, R = V/I. Fundamental relationship in circuits.
Circuits
- Series circuits: Components connected end-to-end; current flows through each component in sequence; total resistance is sum individual resistances; total voltage is the sum of voltage drops across each component.
- Parallel circuits: Components connected side-by-side; current branches; total resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance. Total current is the sum of individual branch currents; all components share the same voltage.
- Open circuit: Break in the circuit; no current flows.
- Short circuit: Insufficient resistance in the load; excessive current flows.
Switches
- Mechanical devices used to interrupt current flow.
- Characterized by the number of poles (connections) and throws (positions).
Alternating Current (AC)
- Alternating voltage changes direction periodically; described by sine wave.
- AC voltages are specified as root mean square (RMS) values, related to the equivalent DC voltage that would produce the same amount of work.
Inductors
- Components using coiled wire to create a magnetic field; used as AC filters; value measured in Henrys (H).
Transformers
- Devices used for stepping up or down alternating voltage; consist of primary and secondary coils. The ratio of turns between primary and secondary coils determines whether the output voltage is higher or lower than the input voltage.
Relays
- Electromagnetic switches controlled by an electrically isolated signal.
Capacitors
- Components that store electrical charge; they consist of two plates separated by an insulator (dielectric).
- Capacitance is a measure of the capacitor's ability to store charge, measured in Farads, which are often expressed in smaller units when compared to a single farad (e.g. Microfarads, picofarads).
- Capacitors have polarity; they must be connected to the correct terminals to prevent damage.
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Description
Test your knowledge on essential electronic parameters like voltage, current, power, and resistance. This quiz also covers the significance of grounding and the resistor color code. Understand how these concepts contribute to designing and analyzing electrical circuits.
