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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between RGB and CMYK color models?
What is the characteristic of a grayscale image?
What is the primary advantage of TIFF images?
Why are JPEG files commonly used in digital cameras?
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What is the primary difference between GIF and JPEG compression?
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What is the primary purpose of PNG files?
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What is the basic building block of a digital image?
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What type of image is composed of paths rather than pixels?
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What is the effect of resizing a bitmap image?
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What is the color model used for digital images?
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What type of image can be scaled to a larger or smaller size without losing quality?
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What is a rectangular grid of pixels commonly referred to as?
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Study Notes
Digital Images
- A digital image is composed of pixels, which are individual building blocks of every digital photograph and most other digital images, representing a particular color.
- Pixels are arranged in regular patterns of rows and columns, forming a rectangular grid, commonly referred to as a bitmap or raster image.
Bitmap (Raster) Images
- Bitmap images have a fixed resolution, which means resizing may result in distortion and indented edges.
- Examples of bitmap image formats include GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF, XBM, BMP, and PCX, as well as bitmap (i.e., screen) fonts.
Vector Images
- Vector images are composed of paths rather than pixels, making them scalable to larger or smaller sizes without losing image quality.
- Examples of vector image formats include graphics created using CAD applications, PICT, EPS, WMF, and TrueType fonts.
Digital Color Models
- RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color model stores individual values for red, green, and blue, and is the color space for digital images.
- RGB is an additive model, where 100% of each color mixed together creates white, and 0% creates black.
CMYK Color Model
- CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key/black) is the color space for printed materials, with colors getting darker as they blend.
- CMYK is a subtractive model, whereas RGB is additive.
Paletted Color Model
- Paletted is a color-restricted model, commonly seen in specific file formats such as GIF, consisting of a color palette of only 256 colors.
- Early web browsers could only display a particular paletted set of 256 colors, referred to as "web safe" colors.
Grayscale and Black & White Models
- Grayscale is an 8-bit per channel system with only one color, providing 256 shades of gray.
- Black & White is a 1-bit per channel system, with only two possible colors, black or white, suitable for text and line art.
Digital Image File Formats
- TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) creates uncompressed files, flexible in terms of color and content, but resulting in large file sizes.
- JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) files are compressed, storing a lot of information in a small file, making them suitable for digital cameras.
- GIF (Graphic Interchange Format) compresses images using lossless compression, with an extremely limited color range, suitable for the web but not for printing.
- PNG (Portable Network Graphics) was created as an open format to replace GIF, allowing for more colors and better compression.
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Description
Learn about the fundamentals of digital imaging, including pixels, bitmaps, and raster images. Understand how pixels are arranged in a grid to form an image and how they represent color and shade.
