Basic Concepts in Human Virology Quiz

<p>Outside of the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they cannot perform metabolism on their own outside of a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spreading capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Virus-Host' relationship maintaining survival balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Africa has a specific ecological environment that favors the virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1976</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As an illustration of an ancient smallpox infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to reproduce by division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He demonstrated that a small infectious agent smaller than bacteria can transmit disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses require a host cell for replication and survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'DNA must be expressed all the time.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'1918 had a higher death rate.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral genome is incorporated into the host's chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative-sense RNA viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Segmented viruses have their genome divided into many chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The assembly of new virus particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>+ssRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>+ssRNA copying</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Lytic' refers to a viral replication cycle, while 'Lysogenic' refers to a dormant state within the host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Lysis'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A piece of bad news wrapped in a protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduce replication to avoid immune system detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1519 A.D</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatitis B virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spanish Flu virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses account for the first 8% of our genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High mortality rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triggering early infections for immunity development</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We need them to infect us early as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transferred from Europe to the Americas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invaded Mexico and conquered millions of Aztecs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 600 men helped, horses, weapons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obesity, tobacco, and alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Several billions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rabies, Ebola, smallpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polio, rubella</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot survive on their own</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses have caused devastating diseases throughout history, impacting populations like war and natural disasters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The term 'Influenza' was coined by 15th century Italians, who believed it was caused by the influence of stars and planets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obligate intracellular parasites are viruses that require a host cell to replicate, as they cannot perform metabolism on their own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virus-host equilibrium is crucial for the survival of viruses, as their natural evolution operates on spreading capacity rather than disease-causing ability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses produce a large number of mutants to survive, with selection removing non-fittest strains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The death of an infected host compromises the survival of the infecting virus, as viruses cannot replicate without a host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inside an infected cell, a virus can replicate to make proteins, enter the nucleus, and produce genome proteins before leaving the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses are not considered cellular organisms because they lack the ability to perform metabolism on their own outside of a host cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The natural evolution of viruses operates on their spreading capacity rather than their ability to cause disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses like varicella zoster play a significant role in causing acute infections in humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First written record of a virus infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Killing people but not at the same level as 1918</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smallpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Birth of the field called VIROLOGY</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Death up to 90% of infected people shortly after infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Totally asymptomatic, can spread the virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1918 had a higher death toll</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Not cellular organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make many copies and infect other host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smaller than a bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In lysogenic cycle, viruses are incorporated into the host's chromosome, while in lytic cycle, viruses are released from the host cell after replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HIV can stay in memory cells for life, leading to lifelong infection and continuous production of new virus particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The infection of memory cells by HIV allows the virus to persist in the body indefinitely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Segmented viruses have their genome made of many chromosomes, while non-segmented viruses have a single chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is crucial for copying the viral RNA genome into a form that can be translated and used to produce viral proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in copying the viral RNA genome into a form suitable for translation into viral proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory cells provide a reservoir for viruses to persist in the body, leading to lifelong infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory cells act as a long-term reservoir for viruses, allowing them to continuously produce new virus particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral memory cells provide a long-term source for continuous production of new virus particles, leading to lifelong infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separating viral enzymes allows for the activation of specific functions, such as producing structural or processed proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers