Introduction to Human Viruses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of viruses?

  • They are acellular and nonliving (correct)
  • They have functional organelles for energy production
  • They have a wide host range
  • They are obligate extracellular parasites
  • What is the structure of a virion composed of?

  • Virus genome, protein capsid, and may have an envelope (correct)
  • Viral enzymes and core proteins
  • Virus genome and bacterial host cells
  • Protein capsid and functional organelles
  • Which Baltimore class of viral genomes includes HIV and HTLV?

  • ds DNA with RT (Class V)
  • + ss RNA with RT (Class VI) (correct)
  • + ss RNA (Class IV)
  • - ss RNA (Class VII)
  • What is the viral capsid primarily composed of?

    <p>Structural units called capsomeres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of viral symmetry has 20 triangular faces, 12 vertices, and 30 edges?

    <p>Icosahedral (cubic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Recovery from infection or persistence" is a step in which process?

    <p>&quot;Steps in viral pathogenesis&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the host range of viruses?

    <p>It can vary from narrow to wide host range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nucleic acid is characteristic of Class III Baltimore viruses?

    <p>ds RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of response is the adaptive response to viral infection?

    <p>Acquired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of a viral infection characterized by the presence of viral genome with no active replication, but with potential for reactivation?

    <p>Latent/Subclinical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the natural barriers of the body in host defense to viral infection?

    <p>Innate response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which viral infection leads to disease known as?

    <p>Viral pathogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccine involves presenting a part of the pathogen to stimulate an immune response?

    <p>Subunit vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transmission is most common for viruses?

    <p>Horizontal transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection results in the host being a carrier of the virus?

    <p>Chronic infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antiviral agent targets virus-specific components to avoid damage to the host?

    <p>Amantadine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antiviral agent prevents attachment of viruses to host cells?

    <p>Maraviroc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which book provides information on medical microbiology related to this presentation?

    <p>Mims Medical Microbiology, 5th edition, Chapters 3 and parts of 15, 16, 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of infection results in virus-induced immunopathological disease?

    <p>Persistent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome may lead to neoplasia due to prolonged presence and activity of the virus?

    <p>Transforming (Oncogenesis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in viral pathogenesis involves the release of virus from first infected cells?

    <p>Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines whether viral infection becomes localized or systemic?

    <p>Release of virus from first infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary replication site for Rhinoviruses in systemic infections?

    <p>Upper respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are most viruses spread throughout the host's body?

    <p>The bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT contribute to the selectivity of productive infection by viruses?

    <p>pH lability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of entry for Hepatitis A virus?

    <p>Feco-oral transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus primarily replicates in the oropharynx or urogenital tract?

    <p>Herpesvirus (HSV types 1 and 2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Dengue fever?

    <p>Vector (arthropod-borne) transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transmission is characteristic of prenatal transmission of viruses?

    <p>Vertical transmission from mother to fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether viral infection remains local or becomes systemic?

    <p>Release of virus from first infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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