Baseball Data Analysis with R and Python
32 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of loading the MLBAM data in the analysis?

  • To visualize baseball statistics without any coding
  • To collect data from different sports leagues
  • To perform run expectancy analysis using game event data (correct)
  • To create a new data set from scratch

Which programming language is primarily used for the analysis discussed?

  • C++
  • Python
  • Java
  • R (correct)

How many rows are available in the MLBAM 2018 data set?

  • 62,000
  • 200,000
  • 185,771 (correct)
  • 100,000

What is the first step when starting the analysis in the Jupyter notebook?

<p>Loading required packages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which column is immediately dropped from the MLBAM data and why?

<p>Unnamed column that lacks essential information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What data source does the book 'Analyzing Baseball Data with R' primarily use?

<p>Retrosheet data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of setting the option to display a maximum of 100 columns?

<p>To improve readability of the data display (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many columns are included in the MLBAM 2018 data set?

<p>62 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the variable start1B represent in the run expectancy analysis?

<p>The player ID at first base before the plate appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the term NaN in the data set?

<p>Neither a number nor applicable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the startOuts variable function within the run expectancy framework?

<p>It indicates the number of outs before the plate appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of this analysis, what does runsFuture represent?

<p>Projected runs for the remainder of the season (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable would indicate if second base is occupied before the plate appearance?

<p>start2B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What coding value is assigned to start1 if start1B is null?

<p>0, indicating the base is not occupied (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'stand' variable represent in the dataset?

<p>Whether the batter is right handed or left handed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following variables indicates whether first base is occupied after the plate appearance?

<p>end1B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'start1' represent in this context?

<p>Whether first base is occupied (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the 'start_state' variable created?

<p>By concatenating the occupied bases and outs as strings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of converting the variables to strings using 'astype string'?

<p>To ensure proper concatenation without mathematical operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'end1' signify after the plate appearance?

<p>Whether first base is occupied after the play (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the value of '0' represent for the variable 'end1'?

<p>First base is not occupied after the plate appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the 'end_state' variable?

<p>The occupancy of bases and the current outs after the play (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the occupancy variables 'start1', 'start2', and 'start3'?

<p>They indicate base occupancy prior to the plate appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the space added in the concatenation of the state variables?

<p>To enhance readability of the variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event is excluded from the run expectancy analysis due to its unrelatedness to batting performance?

<p>Foul error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to ensure that outsInInning equals 3 in the analysis?

<p>It ensures that ending the inning does not skew expectancy results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is applied to subset the data in the analysis?

<p>Including rows where start_state differs from end_state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After preparing the data, how many rows are retained for further analysis?

<p>184,949 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the changes made to the data set?

<p>To focus only on relevant game events for analysis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of event might occur in a game that would require exclusion from expectancy analysis?

<p>A foul ball that leads to an error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the run expectancy analysis aim to evaluate in baseball?

<p>The likelihood of scoring runs in given game situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of excluding observations where start_state equals end_state?

<p>It focuses the analysis on meaningful changes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Run Expectancy

A statistic that estimates the expected number of runs a team is likely to score in a given situation.

Event by Event Data

This refers to all events that occurred within a given Major League Baseball season, providing detailed information for each play.

Run Expectancy Variables

A set of variables that are important for analyzing the run expectancy.

Retrosheet Data

Data that is used to analyze baseball games using the programming language R.

Signup and view all the flashcards

R (programming Language)

A coding language designed for statistical analysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Cleaning

A process of cleaning up large datasets by removing irrelevant information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Python

A powerful and popular open-source programming language used for data analysis and manipulation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jupyter Notebook

A web-based interactive environment for Python programming, often used in data science.

Signup and view all the flashcards

start1B

Represents whether first base is occupied before a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

start2B

Represents whether second base is occupied before a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

start3B

Represents whether third base is occupied before a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

end1B

Represents whether first base is occupied after a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

end2B

Represents whether second base is occupied after a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

end3B

Represents whether third base is occupied after a plate appearance. It is populated with the player ID if occupied, otherwise it's null (NaN, Not a Number).

Signup and view all the flashcards

startOuts

The number of outs before a plate appearance takes place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

endOuts

The number of outs after a plate appearance takes place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Start State in Baseball

A variable used to store information about the state of the bases in a baseball game prior to a particular plate appearance. It indicates whether each base is occupied (1) or not (0). The variable also includes the number of outs. For example, "1 0 1 1" means first base is occupied, second base is not, third base is occupied and the count of outs is 1.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Start1 variable

A variable that represents the occupancy of first base before a plate appearance begins. A value of 1 indicates the base is occupied, while 0 means it's empty.

Signup and view all the flashcards

End State in Baseball

A variable used to store information about the state of the baseball bases at the end of a plate appearance. It represents the occupancy of each base after the outcome of the play.

Signup and view all the flashcards

End1 Variable

A variable that represents the occupancy of first base after a plate appearance is complete. A value of 1 indicates the base is occupied, while 0 means it's empty.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Concatenation

The process of combining multiple variables into a single string variable. This allows for a concise representation of related information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Astype String

A pandas function that converts data to a string format.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Outs in Baseball

The number of players from the fielding team who have been eliminated from the inning due to being put out.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Start State

The state of the game before a play occurs, including the base runners and outs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

End State

The state of the game after a play occurs, including the base runners and outs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Runs on Play

The number of runs scored on a particular play.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Foul Air

A play where a batter hits a ball into foul territory and the fielder fails to catch it, resulting in an error. This doesn't affect the game state.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Outs in Inning

The number of outs recorded in an inning. This is almost always 3, except for the end of a game when the home team is winning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Preparation

The process of cleaning, preparing, and organizing data to make it ready for analysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Evaluating Player Performance

The analysis of how run expectancy can be used to assess the performance of individual players.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Run Expectancy Analysis

  • Run expectancy (RE) variables are created for analysis
  • Analyzing Baseball Data with R, by Marchi and Albert (2013) is a useful resource for further reading
  • Jupyter Notebook will use MLBAM (Major League Baseball Advanced Media) data
  • General process of analyzing baseball data is similar to the book's, using R or Python
  • Packages pandas (pd) and numpy (np) are loaded
  • MLBAM 2018 data is read into a variable (MLBAM18)
  • Unnecessary 'unnamed: 0' column is dropped
  • Maximum display columns set to 100, due to many observations
  • Data contains event-by-event data for 2018 baseball season
  • Data has 185,771 rows and 62 columns

Run Expectancy Variables

  • Variables to keep for analysis are identified (batterName, batterID, eventType, etc.)
  • A new variable 'RE18' is created from MLBAM18 data, selecting specified columns
  • Variables 'start1B', 'start2B', 'start3B' represent base occupation before plate appearance

Base State Variables

  • These variables track base occupation prior to each plate appearance
  • Null values ('NaN') indicate a base is not occupied
  • Variables 'start1', 'start2', and 'start3' represent whether first, second, and third base are occupied respectively.

Plate Appearance State

  • 'start_state' variable is created concatenating 'start1', 'start2', 'start3', and the number of outs prior to the plate appearance
  • The new variable gives a comprehensive state of the game before a given play appearance.

Plate Appearance State (End of Play)

  • End-of-play state variables ('end1', 'end2', 'end3') are created
  • A new variable 'end_state' is produced in a similar way to start-state, concatenating end variables and outs.

Data Filtering

  • Data is filtered, removing:
    • Events where start_state is not equal to end_state
    • Events with runs on play is equal to zero
    • Unnecessary events like dropped foul balls
    • Data rows where outsInInning isn't equal to 3
  • Resulting data set has 184,949 rows and 27 columns

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Baseball Run Expectancy Analysis - 2018 PDF

Description

Explore run expectancy analysis in baseball using R and Python. This quiz focuses on the analysis of MLBAM data and the creation of run expectancy variables. Familiarity with data manipulation in pandas and numpy is beneficial for this exercise.

More Like This

Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices Quiz
5 questions

Comma Splice Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Run-On Sentences

SuperbGyrolite9925 avatar
SuperbGyrolite9925
Run, Rose, Run Flashcards
29 questions

Run, Rose, Run Flashcards

WellReceivedSquirrel7948 avatar
WellReceivedSquirrel7948
Run-On Sentences Flashcards
12 questions

Run-On Sentences Flashcards

WellConnectedComputerArt avatar
WellConnectedComputerArt
Run Expectancy and Value Calculation
29 questions

Run Expectancy and Value Calculation

TruthfulRealism2101 avatar
TruthfulRealism2101
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser