5 Questions
What does base excision repair (BER) replace in DNA?
Damaged bases
Which enzyme is involved in recognizing and removing uracil in BER?
DNA glycosylase
What is created in DNA after a uracil base is removed by DNA glycosylase in BER?
AP site
Which enzyme cleaves the gap created after the removal of uracil in BER?
AP endonuclease
Which of the following is NOT involved in the BER process?
Helicase
Study Notes
Base Excision Repair (BER)
- Damaged bases are replaced by new ones through the DNA repair process called Base Excision Repair (BER)
- Numerous DNA glycosylases, including 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), are involved in identifying and eliminating damaged bases
- BER includes two sub-pathways: short patch repair and long patch repair
- Short patch repair involves breaking down and filling an abasic site by certain enzymes
- Long patch repair involves targeting gaps, performing DNA synthesis, and then ligation
- BER is responsible for repairing uracil-containing DNA
- The repair of uracil-containing DNA involves the following steps:
- A DNA glycosylase recognizes and removes the uracil base, creating a gap in the DNA called an AP site
- The AP site is then cleaved by an enzyme called AP endonuclease
- The remaining sugar is removed
- The gap is filled using DNA polymerase
- The gap is sealed with ligase
Learn about the DNA repair process called Base Excision Repair (BER), involving DNA glycosylases and two sub-pathways: short patch repair and long patch repair. Understand how damaged bases are replaced with new ones.
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