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Questions and Answers
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
- The minimum energy required for all bodily functions (correct)
- The energy required for maintaining muscle mass alone
- The total energy expenditure during a day
- The energy required during physical exercise
How does muscle mass influence BMR?
How does muscle mass influence BMR?
- More muscle mass decreases BMR
- More muscle mass increases efficiency of energy use
- More muscle mass has no effect on BMR
- More muscle mass requires more energy to maintain (correct)
Which of the following hormones typically increases metabolic rate?
Which of the following hormones typically increases metabolic rate?
- Growth hormone (correct)
- Insulin
- Aldosterone
- Cortisol
What is the typical resting oral temperature range for a healthy person?
What is the typical resting oral temperature range for a healthy person?
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What effect does sleep have on metabolic rate?
What effect does sleep have on metabolic rate?
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Which of the following conditions results in a higher metabolic rate?
Which of the following conditions results in a higher metabolic rate?
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How does the body primarily produce heat during metabolism?
How does the body primarily produce heat during metabolism?
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Study Notes
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- BMR is the minimum amount of energy the body needs to function at rest.
- Factors influencing BMR include:
- Muscle mass: More muscle mass requires more energy to maintain.
- Hormones: Growth hormone, testosterone, and thyroxine increase BMR.
- Fever: Increases BMR.
- Sleep: Decreases BMR.
- Malnutrition: Decreases BMR.
- Age and sex: Females and older individuals have lower BMR due to differences in muscle mass, adipose tissue, and sex hormone levels.
Body Heat Production
- Approximately one-third of the energy released during ATP hydrolysis is converted to heat.
- Microscopic friction also contributes to heat production, such as:
- Blood flow
- Friction within the musculoskeletal system during movement
Oral Temperature Range
- Resting: 97 to 99.5 degrees Fahrenheit
- Exercise: 101 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit
- Cold: Not specified in the text
- Rectal temperature: Generally higher than oral temperature.
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