Questions and Answers
What was the 1833 Supreme Court decision holding that the Bill of Rights restrained only the national government?
Barron v. Baltimore
What led to Barron losing profit from his wharf?
Baltimore's city improvements that made the waters shallow.
Barron sued the mayor and city of Baltimore and won.
True
What grounds did Barron appeal to the Supreme Court?
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Does the Fifth Amendment deny the states the right to take private property for public use without just compensation?
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What did Barron's argument claim regarding the 5th Amendment?
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What was the outcome of the Barron v. Baltimore decision regarding local governments?
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What impact did the Barron v. Baltimore decision have on state cases?
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Study Notes
Barron v. Baltimore Overview
- Supreme Court decision in 1833 establishing that the Bill of Rights applies only to the national government.
- Case set a precedent that states and local governments are not bound by the Bill of Rights.
Case Background
- Barron owned a wharf that became unprofitable due to sand accumulation from city improvements, making water too shallow for ships.
- Barron sued the city of Baltimore, initially winning the case, but the decision was later reversed by a higher court.
- He appealed to the Supreme Court based on a claim under the 5th Amendment regarding just compensation for property loss.
Key Legal Questions
- Did the 5th Amendment limit state power to take private property without compensation?
- Was the 5th Amendment applicable to local governments?
Arguments
- Barron argued that the 5th Amendment prohibits the taking of private property for public use without just compensation.
Court Decision
- Supreme Court ruled that the 5th Amendment does not apply to state and local governments.
- Court reasoned that the limitations in the 5th Amendment were intended to restrict national government powers only.
- The ruling concluded that Barron was not entitled to damages for his property loss as the 5th Amendment provisions did not extend to his case.
Significance
- The ruling restricted cases involving state violations of the Bill of Rights from reaching federal courts.
- States gained the autonomy to manage citizens' rights, relying on state laws and constitutions without being held to the standards of the Bill of Rights.
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Description
This quiz explores the landmark Supreme Court case Barron v. Baltimore from 1833. It discusses its implications regarding the Bill of Rights and its application to state and local governments, focusing on the case's background and outcome.
