Questions and Answers
What is egocentrism?
The tendency to see reality as centered on oneself
Which term describes the tendency to accept and defend beliefs that align with one's self-interest?
Egocentric thinking
Why do most doctors support legislation making it more difficult for them to be sued for malpractice?
To avoid punishment for mistakes committed in the workplace
What is the motivation behind university professors' strong support for tenure, paid sabbaticals, and low teaching loads?
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What role does self-interest play in shaping attitudes and beliefs, according to the text?
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What is one of the major obstacles to critical thinking according to the passage?
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What does the passage suggest about group bias?
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According to the passage, what does superiority bias refer to?
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What does sociocentrism primarily focus on?
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Why does the passage criticize self-interested thinking from a critical thinking standpoint?
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Study Notes
Cognitive Biases and Critical Thinking
- Egocentrism is the tendency to accept and defend beliefs that align with one's self-interest.
- Self-interest bias refers to the tendency to accept and defend beliefs that align with one's self-interest.
- Most doctors support legislation making it more difficult for them to be sued for malpractice due to self-interest.
- University professors' strong support for tenure, paid sabbaticals, and low teaching loads is motivated by self-interest.
Obstacles to Critical Thinking
- Self-interest plays a significant role in shaping attitudes and beliefs, often leading to biased thinking.
- One of the major obstacles to critical thinking is the tendency to prioritize self-interest over objective reasoning.
Group Bias and Sociocentrism
- Group bias refers to the tendency to prioritize the interests of one's own group over others.
- The passage suggests that group bias can lead to biased thinking and hinder critical thinking.
- Sociocentrism primarily focuses on the interests of one's social group or community.
Superiority Bias and Critique of Self-Interest
- Superiority bias refers to the tendency to believe that one's own group or beliefs are superior to others.
- The passage criticizes self-interested thinking from a critical thinking standpoint, as it can lead to biased and unfair decision-making.
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