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Questions and Answers
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks but the skin is not broken?
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks but the skin is not broken?
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks into multiple pieces?
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks into multiple pieces?
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks but does not completely break?
What is the name of the type of fracture where the bone breaks but does not completely break?
What is the name of the type of wound healing where the wound is stitched closed?
What is the name of the type of wound healing where the wound is stitched closed?
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What is the name of the type of wound healing where the wound is left open to heal?
What is the name of the type of wound healing where the wound is left open to heal?
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What is the name of the primary layer of a bandage?
What is the name of the primary layer of a bandage?
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The primary layer of a bandage should be sterile.
The primary layer of a bandage should be sterile.
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Which of the following is not a type of non-adherent bandage?
Which of the following is not a type of non-adherent bandage?
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What is the name of the secondary layer of a bandage?
What is the name of the secondary layer of a bandage?
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The secondary layer of a bandage should be thick enough absorb moisture, pad the wound, and inhibit wound movement.
The secondary layer of a bandage should be thick enough absorb moisture, pad the wound, and inhibit wound movement.
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What type of bandage can be used to temporarily immobilize fractures?
What type of bandage can be used to temporarily immobilize fractures?
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What type of bandage is less bulky and is used to reduce postoperative swelling?
What type of bandage is less bulky and is used to reduce postoperative swelling?
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What type of bandage is used to immobilize the hip after a hip luxation?
What type of bandage is used to immobilize the hip after a hip luxation?
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What type of bandage is used to prevent the weight bearing on the forelimb?
What type of bandage is used to prevent the weight bearing on the forelimb?
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Casts are typically used to immobilize fractures.
Casts are typically used to immobilize fractures.
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A general anesthetic is usually needed to apply a cast
A general anesthetic is usually needed to apply a cast
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The skin should be clean and dry before applying a cast.
The skin should be clean and dry before applying a cast.
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Cast padding is often used for equine and bovine patients.
Cast padding is often used for equine and bovine patients.
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A cast is usually removed using an oscillating saw.
A cast is usually removed using an oscillating saw.
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It is important to educate clients on home care after bandage application
It is important to educate clients on home care after bandage application
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The toes should be monitored for several things after bandage application. What are they?
The toes should be monitored for several things after bandage application. What are they?
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You should always leave plastic covers on bandages for at least 30 minutes?
You should always leave plastic covers on bandages for at least 30 minutes?
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Study Notes
Bandage and Fracture Care
- Bandage care focuses on properly applying and maintaining bandages for various reasons including fracture care.
Common Types of Fractures
- Closed Fracture: Fracture contained within the skin.
- Compound Fracture: Fracture with an open wound.
- Epiphyseal Fracture: Fracture in the growth plate of a bone.
- Greenstick Fracture: Incomplete fracture, often in children.
- Simple Fracture: Single break in the bone.
- Comminuted Fracture: Bone breaks into more than two fragments.
Types of Wound Healing
- First Intention (Primary) Healing: Internal fixation (e.g., pins, plates) used to heal rapidly.
- Second Intention Healing: Fractures heal through callus formation without internal fixation.
Principles of Bandage Application
- Prepare the area before applying a bandage.
- Use porous materials where appropriate and absorbent materials for exudates.
- Use materials of sufficient width.
- Apply materials smoothly.
- Secure protective wound pads to the skin.
- Check bandages frequently.
- Instruct clients on basic bandage care and signs of failure.
Bandage Components
- Primary Layer (Contact Layer): Layer in direct contact with the wound. Must be sterile. Allows fluid to pass to the secondary layer. Protects from contamination.
- Secondary Layer: Provides support, moves exudate away from the wound, and absorbs moisture. Thick layer to pad the wound from trauma.
- Tertiary Layer: Outermost layer, holds underlying layers together. Can be porous adhesive (allowing evaporation) or elastic adhesive (applying pressure).
Bandage Components (Specific Dressing Types):
- Dry-to-Dry Dressing: Use for loose necrotic tissue or foreign material. Dry gauze on wound, absorbent layer, allow fluid to dry, remove. Painful; sedate the animal for removal.
- Wet-to-Dry Dressing: Use for viscous exudate; remove dried foreign material first, apply wet, allow to dry.
- Wet-to-Wet Dressing: Transports heat to wound, enhances capillary action; applied wet, stays wet. Less painful removal.
Examples of Dressing Material
- Adherent: Gauze, non-cotton filler.
- Nonadherent: Adaptic, Release, Telpha pads.
Secondary Layer
- Provides support.
- Moves exudates away from the wound.
- Should be thick enough to absorb moisture, pad the wound, and inhibit movement.
Tertiary Layer
- Outer layer.
- Holds underlying bandage layers in place.
- Porous adhesive allows evaporation of fluid but could allow fluid (e.g., saliva) into the wound.
- Elastic adhesive applies continuous dynamic pressure as the animal moves.
Types of Bandages: Robert Jones Bandage
- Temporarily immobilizes distal elbow or stifle fractures.
- Supports injured soft and bony tissue.
- Prevents excessive swelling.
- Not appropriate for femur or humerus fractures.
Robert Jones Bandage Technique
- Wrap cotton tightly around the area to avoid wrinkling/twisting.
- Wrap cotton with Kling gauze tightly.
- Press tape stirrups to the side of the bandage.
- Apply self-adherent elastic tape or vet-wrap from toes upward.
- In horses, stirrups are not used; start on the inside of the leg.
Modified Robert Jones Bandage
- Less bulky because padding is limited.
- Used for postoperative swelling reduction.
Modified Robert Jones Bandage: The Primary or Contact Layer
- Primary or contact layer and antimicrobial therapy application should be sterile.
Types of Bandages: Ehmer Sling
- Used after hip luxation reduction.
- Keeps the femoral head deeply seated in the acetabulum.
Ehmer Sling Technique
- Wrap cast padding around the metatarsal area and cover with elastic adherent tape.
- Manually flex the stifle, keeping the femur rotated inward.
- Continue the elastic tape from the metatarsal region to the stifle, then to the hock, creating a figure-8 pattern.
- Abduct the limb by passing the tape dorsally over the back.
- Incorporate the knee into the wrap.
- Monitor for swelling.
Types of Bandages: Velpeau Sling
- Prevents weight-bearing on the forelimb.
- Indicated for scapular fractures and shoulder dislocations.
- Avoid if animal has thoracic trauma or disease.
Velpeau Sling Technique
- Flex carpus and metacarpus to a comfortable position and wrap.
- Flex the antebrachium across the cranial chest wall, with the paw pointing toward the opposite scapulohumeral joint.
- Apply additional wraps around the chest and flexed limb.
Types of Bandages: Casts
- Provides support for fractures.
- Materials include fiberglass casting material and plaster casting.
- General anesthesia is required.
- The skin should be clean and dry.
- Padding should only be used at pressure points; not for equine or bovine.
Casts (Continued)
- The cast should immobilize the joints proximal and distal to the lesion.
- Assistants should use the flat portion of their hand to support the limb during application.
- Examine every 6-8 hours the first day after application.
Bandage Removal
- Remove outer layer with scissors.
- Tear cotton (distal to proximal).
- Casts are removed with an oscillating saw (Stryker).
- Splints can be removed with bandage scissors.
Home Care of Bandages
- Educate clients on daily monitoring of toes for warmth, swelling, and color.
- Monitor for foul odors and chafing areas.
- Prevent the animal from chewing on the bandage.
- Protect bandage when outside.
- Do not leave a plastic bandage cover on longer than 30 minutes.
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Description
Explore the essential principles of bandage application and fracture care. This quiz covers common types of fractures, wound healing methods, and the key techniques for effectively applying bandages. Test your knowledge on how to properly care for injuries and understand the healing processes involved.
