Fracture Classification Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are types of distal radius fractures?

Colles

Smith's (reverse Colles)

FOOSH

All of the above (correct)

What does FOOSH stand for?

Fall on outstretched hand

Describe a Colles fracture.

Hand is back, fracture of the distal radius

What is a Smith fracture?

Arm in front hand flexed down or arm behind Signup and view all the answers

The AO/OTA Fracture Classification starts with which bone? 1: ___, 2: _, 3: _, 4: ___

humerus, radius/ulna, femur/patella, tibia/fibula Signup and view all the answers

What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the proximal segment?

A: Extra articular, B: Partial articular, C: Complete/Full articular Signup and view all the answers

What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the diaphyseal segment?

A: Simple fracture, B: Wedge, C: Complex Signup and view all the answers

What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the distal segment?

A: Extra articular, B: Partial articular, C: Complete/Full articular Signup and view all the answers

What does the last number in the AO/OTA classification indicate?

Severity (1 through 3) Signup and view all the answers

What are the trauma ABCs?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What two situations require immediate management in trauma situations?

Vascular compromise, Neural compromise Signup and view all the answers

Vascular and/or neural compromise occurs particularly with what types of fractures?

Pelvic fractures or chest wall fractures (ribs, scapula) Signup and view all the answers

What is usually the first option for diagnostic imaging?

X-ray Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic imaging is used to look for bone and soft tissue damage?

MRI Signup and view all the answers

What are the two standard views for a fracture X-ray?

AP and ML (lateral) Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic imaging can be used to construct a 3D image to find hidden fracture lines?

CT scan Signup and view all the answers

What is a procedure we can perform to relieve compartment syndrome?

Fasciotomy Signup and view all the answers

A fracture caused by torquing the bone is called a ____________.

Spiral Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for a butterfly fragment?

Wedge Signup and view all the answers

Another name for a multifragmentary fracture is a ____________.

Comminuted Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagnostic imaging can be used to diagnose a fracture?

X-ray Signup and view all the answers

What is compartment syndrome?

Compartment syndrome is a serious condition involving increased pressure in a muscle compartment, leading to muscle and nerve damage. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Distal Radius Fractures

Types include Colles fracture, Smith's fracture (reverse Colles), and fractures occurring from a fall on an outstretched hand (FOOSH).

Colles Fracture

Characterized by the arm being out in front and the hand flexed back, commonly resulting from FOOSH incidents.

Smith Fracture

Involves the arm in front with the hand flexed down or the arm located behind the body, often described as a reverse Colles fracture.

AO/OTA Fracture Classification

Classification starts with the affected bone:
- Humerus (1)
- Radius/ulna (2)
- Femur/patella (3)
- Tibia/fibula (4)
Further classification includes the location on the bone:
- Proximal
- Midshaft
- Distal

Fracture Morphology Indicators

Proximal segment morphology:
- A: Extra articular
- B: Partial articular
- C: Complete/Full articular
Diaphyseal segment morphology:
- A: Simple fracture
- B: Wedge
- C: Complex
Distal segment morphology mirrors proximal segment indicators.

Severity Indicator

The last number in the AO/OTA classification represents fracture severity, ranging from 1 to 3.

Trauma ABCs

Critical assessments in trauma include:
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Disability
- Exposure

Immediate Management Situations

Urgent intervention required in cases of:
- Vascular compromise
- Neural compromise

Diagnostic Imaging

Initial diagnostic imaging option is X-ray.
MRI is utilized to assess both bone and soft tissue damage.
Standard X-ray views for fractures are Anteroposterior (AP) and Mediolateral (ML).
CT scans help in constructing a 3D image to uncover hidden fracture lines.

Compartment Syndrome

A serious condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, risking muscle and nerve destruction, necessitating pressure release via fasciotomy.

Fracture Types

A fracture caused by torquing the bone is referred to as a spiral fracture.
A butterfly fragment is also known as a wedge fracture.
A multifragmentary fracture is termed as comminuted.

X-ray in Fracture Diagnosis

X-ray is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing fractures.

Understanding Compartment Syndrome

Defined as a rise in pressure in a muscle section, potentially impairing blood flow and causing damage to muscles and nerves that requires timely intervention.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the different types of distal radius fractures with these flashcards. Each card details key terms and definitions, including Colles and Smith fractures. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.