Fracture Classification Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are types of distal radius fractures?

  • Colles
  • Smith's (reverse Colles)
  • FOOSH
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What does FOOSH stand for?

    Fall on outstretched hand

    Describe a Colles fracture.

    Hand is back, fracture of the distal radius

    What is a Smith fracture?

    <p>Arm in front hand flexed down or arm behind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The AO/OTA Fracture Classification starts with which bone? 1: _____, 2: _____, 3: _____, 4: _____

    <p>humerus, radius/ulna, femur/patella, tibia/fibula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the proximal segment?

    <p>A: Extra articular, B: Partial articular, C: Complete/Full articular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the diaphyseal segment?

    <p>A: Simple fracture, B: Wedge, C: Complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What letters indicate the fracture morphology for the distal segment?

    <p>A: Extra articular, B: Partial articular, C: Complete/Full articular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the last number in the AO/OTA classification indicate?

    <p>Severity (1 through 3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the trauma ABCs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two situations require immediate management in trauma situations?

    <p>Vascular compromise, Neural compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vascular and/or neural compromise occurs particularly with what types of fractures?

    <p>Pelvic fractures or chest wall fractures (ribs, scapula)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is usually the first option for diagnostic imaging?

    <p>X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic imaging is used to look for bone and soft tissue damage?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two standard views for a fracture X-ray?

    <p>AP and ML (lateral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic imaging can be used to construct a 3D image to find hidden fracture lines?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a procedure we can perform to relieve compartment syndrome?

    <p>Fasciotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A fracture caused by torquing the bone is called a ____________.

    <p>Spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for a butterfly fragment?

    <p>Wedge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Another name for a multifragmentary fracture is a ____________.

    <p>Comminuted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diagnostic imaging can be used to diagnose a fracture?

    <p>X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is compartment syndrome?

    <p>Compartment syndrome is a serious condition involving increased pressure in a muscle compartment, leading to muscle and nerve damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Distal Radius Fractures

    • Types include Colles fracture, Smith's fracture (reverse Colles), and fractures occurring from a fall on an outstretched hand (FOOSH).

    Colles Fracture

    • Characterized by the arm being out in front and the hand flexed back, commonly resulting from FOOSH incidents.

    Smith Fracture

    • Involves the arm in front with the hand flexed down or the arm located behind the body, often described as a reverse Colles fracture.

    AO/OTA Fracture Classification

    • Classification starts with the affected bone:
      • Humerus (1)
      • Radius/ulna (2)
      • Femur/patella (3)
      • Tibia/fibula (4)
    • Further classification includes the location on the bone:
      • Proximal
      • Midshaft
      • Distal

    Fracture Morphology Indicators

    • Proximal segment morphology:
      • A: Extra articular
      • B: Partial articular
      • C: Complete/Full articular
    • Diaphyseal segment morphology:
      • A: Simple fracture
      • B: Wedge
      • C: Complex
    • Distal segment morphology mirrors proximal segment indicators.

    Severity Indicator

    • The last number in the AO/OTA classification represents fracture severity, ranging from 1 to 3.

    Trauma ABCs

    • Critical assessments in trauma include:
      • Airway
      • Breathing
      • Circulation
      • Disability
      • Exposure

    Immediate Management Situations

    • Urgent intervention required in cases of:
      • Vascular compromise
      • Neural compromise

    Diagnostic Imaging

    • Initial diagnostic imaging option is X-ray.
    • MRI is utilized to assess both bone and soft tissue damage.
    • Standard X-ray views for fractures are Anteroposterior (AP) and Mediolateral (ML).
    • CT scans help in constructing a 3D image to uncover hidden fracture lines.

    Compartment Syndrome

    • A serious condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, risking muscle and nerve destruction, necessitating pressure release via fasciotomy.

    Fracture Types

    • A fracture caused by torquing the bone is referred to as a spiral fracture.
    • A butterfly fragment is also known as a wedge fracture.
    • A multifragmentary fracture is termed as comminuted.

    X-ray in Fracture Diagnosis

    • X-ray is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing fractures.

    Understanding Compartment Syndrome

    • Defined as a rise in pressure in a muscle section, potentially impairing blood flow and causing damage to muscles and nerves that requires timely intervention.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the different types of distal radius fractures with these flashcards. Each card details key terms and definitions, including Colles and Smith fractures. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.

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