Bailey & Love Chapter 1: Metabolic Response to Injury Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the series of systemic changes that affect the body's vital organs in response to significant local tissue injury?

Physiological and biochemical changes

Metabolic response to injury (correct)

Surgical stress response

Wound healing and immunity

What are the mediators and pathways involved in the metabolic response to injury?

Hormones, infammation-related cytokines, and neural circuits (correct)

Antibodies, antigens, and lymph nodes

Enzymes, hormones, and neurotransmitters

Adrenaline, cortisol, and insulin

What can prolonged abnormal processes during the metabolic response to injury lead to?

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (correct)

Wound healing complications

Delayed immune response

Sepsis

What is the main aim of the body's metabolic response to injury?

To limit damage and begin repair processes Signup and view all the answers

What are surgeons inextricably linked with according to the text?

Tissue injury and its effects Signup and view all the answers

What does the surgical stress response lead to according to the text?

Alterations in body metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the main physiological role of the catabolic phase?

To reduce circulating volume and energy stores Signup and view all the answers

What concept is related to maintaining a constant internal environment for optimal cellular function?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the catabolic phase of the metabolic response to injury?

Hypovolaemia and decreased basal metabolic rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the systemic response triggered by the neurohormonal responses in the catabolic phase?

Sepsis Signup and view all the answers

In modern surgical care, what is the role of surgical critical care during the metabolic effects of injury?

To restore homeostatic mechanisms to achieve a return to normality Signup and view all the answers

What does the anabolic phase primarily focus on?

Repair and tissue healing Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the catabolic effects of injury?

Increased risk of complications, especially sepsis Signup and view all the answers

What does successful management of the metabolic response to injury improve?

Outcomes Signup and view all the answers

In modern treatment of major trauma, when do the majority of hospital deaths in developed countries occur?

After some days following extensive recovery and repair are required. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Metabolic Response to Injury

The body's systemic changes in response to significant local tissue injury are referred to as the metabolic response to injury.
The mediators involved in the metabolic response to injury include neurohormonal responses, such as cortisol and catecholamines, which trigger various pathways, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathoadrenal system.
Prolonged abnormal processes during the metabolic response to injury can lead to complications, such as multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and death.

Aims and Goals

The main aim of the body's metabolic response to injury is to maintain homeostasis and promote recovery by mobilizing energy stores and directing energy towards the vital organs.

Surgical Involvement

Surgeons are inextricably linked with the metabolic response to injury, as they often trigger the surgical stress response, which leads to a systemic inflammatory response.
The surgical stress response can lead to further tissue damage and organ dysfunction.

Physiological Phases

Catabolic Phase

The main physiological role of the catabolic phase is to mobilize energy stores and direct energy towards the vital organs.
The catabolic phase is characterized by a breakdown of tissues, such as muscle wasting and fat metabolism.
The systemic response triggered by the neurohormonal responses in the catabolic phase is the systemic inflammatory response.

Homeostasis

The concept related to maintaining a constant internal environment for optimal cellular function is homeostasis.

Anabolic Phase

The anabolic phase primarily focuses on rebuilding and repairing tissues.
A consequence of the catabolic effects of injury is a negative nitrogen balance, which can lead to muscle wasting and decreased immune function.

Critical Care

In modern surgical care, the role of surgical critical care during the metabolic effects of injury is crucial in preventing complications and promoting recovery.
Successful management of the metabolic response to injury improves patient outcomes, including reduced morbidity and mortality rates.

Trauma Care

In modern treatment of major trauma, the majority of hospital deaths in developed countries occur during the anabolic phase, which can last for weeks or even months after the initial injury.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the metabolic response to injury with this quiz covering the physiological and biochemical changes, as well as the mediators and pathways involved. Learn about how the body responds to accidental injury and surgery.

Bailey & Love - Chapter 1: Metabolic Response to Injury

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