Bacteriophage Reproductive Cycles

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What is the outcome of the lytic cycle for the host cell?

It is broken open and dies (correct)

It undergoes a natural cell division

It becomes immune to other phages

It becomes a carrier for the phage

What is the role of restriction enzymes in the host cell?

To recognize and cut up certain phage DNA (correct)

To synthesize viral genomes and proteins

To assemble new phage particles

To recognize and integrate phage DNA

What is the term for a phage that reproduces only by the lytic cycle?

Prophage

Virulent phage (correct)

Bacteriophage

Lysogenic phage

What happens to the phage DNA in the lysogenic cycle?

It is incorporated into the host cell's chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the lysogenic cycle in terms of the host cell?

The host cell continues to reproduce, passing the phage DNA to its daughter cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phage DNA that is integrated into the host cell's chromosome?

Prophage Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cas protein in the context of bacteriophages?

To form a complex with complementary RNA and cut phage DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the envelopes of animal viruses and bacteriophages?

The formation of the envelope from the host cell's plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the lytic cycle of bacteriophages?

The degradation of the phage DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which type of virus has the broadest variety of RNA genomes?

Retroviruses Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the enzyme reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?

To copy the RNA genome into DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the integration of the viral DNA into the host genome?

The formation of a provirus Signup and view all the answers

What happens to phage DNA when it circularizes?

It integrates into the bacterial chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the switch from lysogenic to lytic cycle?

An environmental change Signup and view all the answers

What is the CRISPR-Cas9 complex used for?

To recognize and cut foreign DNA Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the bacterial cell during a lytic cycle?

It lyses, releasing phages Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of CRISPR?