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Questions and Answers
What percentage of women have this bacterium in their vagina?
What percentage of women have this bacterium in their vagina?
Where is the bacterium typically found in the human body?
Where is the bacterium typically found in the human body?
What is the main source of infection for this bacterium?
What is the main source of infection for this bacterium?
What is a common risk factor for infections caused by this bacterium?
What is a common risk factor for infections caused by this bacterium?
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What is a possible way for the bacterium to spread to other parts of the body?
What is a possible way for the bacterium to spread to other parts of the body?
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What is a possible infection caused by this bacterium?
What is a possible infection caused by this bacterium?
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How many cells of the bacterium are present in 1 gram of feces?
How many cells of the bacterium are present in 1 gram of feces?
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What is a consequence of a weakened immune system on the risk of infection?
What is a consequence of a weakened immune system on the risk of infection?
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What is a possible outcome of infection with this bacterium?
What is a possible outcome of infection with this bacterium?
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Study Notes
Brucella Bacteria
- Brucella bacteria are gram-negative, motile, and aerobic, with a capsule.
- They are intracellular parasites and can survive within host cells.
- There are four main species of Brucella bacteria: Br. abortus, Br. suis, Br. canis, and Br. melitensis, which can cause disease in humans.
Brucellosis Disease
- Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans.
- The disease can be transmitted through consumption of contaminated dairy products or direct contact with infected animals.
- Symptoms of brucellosis include fever, sweating, fatigue, and weight loss, and can take 2-3 weeks to develop.
- The disease can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, liver, and spleen.
Lab Diagnosis of Brucellosis
- The bacteria can be isolated from blood cultures or tissue samples.
- Serological tests, such as the Brucella agglutination test, can detect the presence of antibodies against Brucella.
- PCR (polymerase chain reaction) can also be used to detect the bacteria.
Treatment of Brucellosis
- The treatment of brucellosis typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as doxycycline and rifampicin.
- The treatment can be prolonged and may take several weeks to months.
Yersinia Pestis Bacteria
- Yersinia pestis bacteria are gram-negative, bipolar staining, and have a capsule.
- They are facultative anaerobes and can grow on nutrient-rich media.
- The bacteria can cause bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, and septicemic plague.
Plague Disease
- Plague is a zoonotic disease, primarily affecting rodents and other small mammals.
- The disease can be transmitted to humans through the bites of infected fleas or direct contact with infected animals.
- Symptoms of plague include fever, chills, and swollen lymph nodes, and can take 1-7 days to develop.
- The disease can cause pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia.
Lab Diagnosis of Plague
- The bacteria can be isolated from blood cultures, lymph node aspirates, or tissue samples.
- Serological tests, such as the Yersinia pestis agglutination test, can detect the presence of antibodies against Yersinia pestis.
- PCR can also be used to detect the bacteria.
Treatment of Plague
- The treatment of plague typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as streptomycin and gentamicin.
- The treatment can be prolonged and may take several weeks to months.
Bacteroides Bacteria
- Bacteroides bacteria are gram-negative, anaerobic, and have a capsule.
- They are normally found in the human gut and can cause infections in various parts of the body.
- There are several species of Bacteroides bacteria, including B. fragilis, B. corrodens, and B. melaninogenicus, which can cause disease in humans.
Infections Caused by Bacteroides Bacteria
- Bacteroides bacteria can cause infections in the mouth, throat, lungs, and abdomen.
- They can also cause abscesses, sepsis, and meningitis.
- The bacteria can enter the body through wounds, surgical incisions, or Medical instruments.
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Description
This quiz covers the important aspects of bacteriology, including the negative bacteria related to animal sources. It is part of the fourth year of study.
