Bacteriology Lecture 12

Questions and Answers

10%

2% (correct)

Bloodstream

Mouth and intestines (correct)

Lungs and skin

Liver and kidneys

Infected individuals

Endogenous (correct)

Contaminated food

Environment

Weakened immune system Signup and view all the answers

Through the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

Appendicitis Signup and view all the answers

1122 Signup and view all the answers

Increased risk of infection Signup and view all the answers

Severe symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Brucella bacteria are gram-negative, motile, and aerobic, with a capsule.
They are intracellular parasites and can survive within host cells.
There are four main species of Brucella bacteria: Br. abortus, Br. suis, Br. canis, and Br. melitensis, which can cause disease in humans.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans.
The disease can be transmitted through consumption of contaminated dairy products or direct contact with infected animals.
Symptoms of brucellosis include fever, sweating, fatigue, and weight loss, and can take 2-3 weeks to develop.
The disease can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, liver, and spleen.

The bacteria can be isolated from blood cultures or tissue samples.
Serological tests, such as the Brucella agglutination test, can detect the presence of antibodies against Brucella.
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) can also be used to detect the bacteria.

The treatment of brucellosis typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as doxycycline and rifampicin.
The treatment can be prolonged and may take several weeks to months.

Yersinia pestis bacteria are gram-negative, bipolar staining, and have a capsule.
They are facultative anaerobes and can grow on nutrient-rich media.
The bacteria can cause bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, and septicemic plague.

Plague is a zoonotic disease, primarily affecting rodents and other small mammals.
The disease can be transmitted to humans through the bites of infected fleas or direct contact with infected animals.
Symptoms of plague include fever, chills, and swollen lymph nodes, and can take 1-7 days to develop.
The disease can cause pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia.

The bacteria can be isolated from blood cultures, lymph node aspirates, or tissue samples.
Serological tests, such as the Yersinia pestis agglutination test, can detect the presence of antibodies against Yersinia pestis.
PCR can also be used to detect the bacteria.

The treatment of plague typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as streptomycin and gentamicin.
The treatment can be prolonged and may take several weeks to months.

Bacteroides bacteria are gram-negative, anaerobic, and have a capsule.
They are normally found in the human gut and can cause infections in various parts of the body.
There are several species of Bacteroides bacteria, including B. fragilis, B. corrodens, and B. melaninogenicus, which can cause disease in humans.

Bacteroides bacteria can cause infections in the mouth, throat, lungs, and abdomen.
They can also cause abscesses, sepsis, and meningitis.
The bacteria can enter the body through wounds, surgical incisions, or Medical instruments.