Bacterial Swimming and Catheter Infections
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a catheter?

  • To increase the risk of bacterial infections
  • To introduce bacteria into the body
  • To draw fluids out of a patient (correct)
  • To slow down the movement of bacteria

How does bacteria enter the body through catheter tubes?

  • By using novel artificial intelligence (AI) technology
  • By chemical antimicrobial methods
  • By swimming upstream (correct)
  • By flowing downstream

What is the impact of the new type of catheter tube designed at Caltech?

  • It had no impact on bacterial infections
  • It reduced the number of bacteria able to swim upstream (correct)
  • It increased the number of bacterial infections
  • It reduced the mobility of bacteria downstream

What does Poiseuille flow refer to in catheter tubes?

<p>Fast fluid movement in the center and near the wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did artificial intelligence (AI) technology play in the design of the new catheter tube?

<p>It optimized the design of the catheter tube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common consequence of bacteria entering the body through catheter tubes?

<p>Catheter-associated urinary infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the triangular protrusions inside the tubes designed by the team?

<p>To redirect bacterial movement towards the center of the tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of using tubes with triangular inclusions in terms of upstream bacterial movement?

<p>A 100-fold decrease in upstream bacterial movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who suggested tackling the bacterial movement problem with simple geometries?

<p>Chiara Daraio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What expertise did Olivia Xuan Wan bring to the team?

<p>Specialized interest in motion trajectories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of studying the movement of E. coli within microfluidic environments?

<p>The observed trajectories aligned perfectly with simulated predictions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who provided additional biology expertise to verify the design experimentally?

<p>Olivia Xuan Wan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What geometric shapes did the team design tubes with to disrupt bacterial progress?

<p>Triangular protrusions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organism is commonly studied in research labs and was used by the Sternberg laboratory to observe and analyze movements of microscopic organisms?

<p>Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tools did the Sternberg laboratory have that allowed them to observe and analyze movements of microscopic organisms?

<p>3D printed catheter tubes and high-speed cameras (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Tingtao Edmond Zhou's role in the study?

<p>Conducting simulations of bacterial movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does bacteria enter the body through catheter tubes?

<p>By using a unique swimming motion to propel themselves upstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of the new type of catheter tube designed at Caltech?

<p>Reduced the number of bacteria able to swim upstream by 100-fold in laboratory experiments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common consequence of bacteria entering the body through catheter tubes?

<p>Catheter-associated urinary infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organism is commonly studied in research labs and was used by the Sternberg laboratory to observe and analyze movements of microscopic organisms?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Tingtao Edmond Zhou's role in the study?

<p>AI specialist who optimized the new catheter tube design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What expertise did Olivia Xuan Wan bring to the team?

<p>Expertise in fluid dynamics and Poiseuille flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specialized interest does Olivia Xuan Wan have?

<p>Nematode navigation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of designing tubes with triangular protrusions?

<p>To impede bacterial progress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Sternberg laboratory's research?

<p>Nematode navigation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What result did the team achieve by using tubes with triangular inclusions?

<p>A significant reduction in downstream bacterial movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What expertise did Tingtao Edmond Zhou bring to the study?

<p>Chemical engineering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the team verify the design experimentally?

<p>By observing the movements of microscopic organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influence did Chiara Daraio have on the direction of the study?

<p>She suggested utilizing simple geometries to tackle the bacterial movement problem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main characteristics of the tubes designed by the team?

<p>'Shark fin' triangular protrusions and redirection of bacterial movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did simulations help determine for the team?

<p>'Shark fin' triangular obstacle shapes to impede bacteria's upstream swimming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tools did the Sternberg laboratory use to observe and analyze movements of microscopic organisms?

<p>High-speed cameras and 3D printed catheter tubes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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