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Questions and Answers
What bacteria cause salmonellosis?
What bacteria cause salmonellosis?
Salmonella spp.
What does the TSIA test evaluate?
What does the TSIA test evaluate?
What is the primary pH indicator used in the TSIA test?
What is the primary pH indicator used in the TSIA test?
Phenol red
The Widal blood test is used to diagnose ______.
The Widal blood test is used to diagnose ______.
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Atrophic rhinitis is characterized by excessive moisture in the nasal passages.
Atrophic rhinitis is characterized by excessive moisture in the nasal passages.
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What type of bacteria does the ONPG test help identify?
What type of bacteria does the ONPG test help identify?
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Pleurisy is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the lungs.
Pleurisy is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the lungs.
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What is the result of hydrogen sulfide production in the TSIA test?
What is the result of hydrogen sulfide production in the TSIA test?
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Study Notes
Overview of bacterial species
- Salmonella spp. causes salmonellosis, a foodborne illness
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Enterobacteriacaei is a large family of gram-negative bacteria and causes several diseases:
- Entercolitis: inflammation of the small intestine
- Septicaemia: blood poisoning
- Enteric fever: also known as typhoid fever
Triple-Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) Test
- Multi-test agar that detects fermentation of glucose, lactose, and sucrose with or without gas production
- Also detects the production of hydrogen sulfide from amino acids
- Phenol red is the pH indicator
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Procedure
- Obtain a slant of TSIA
- Stab the assigned organism into the butt of the slant and drag it in a zigzag pattern to the surface
- Incubate for 24-48 hours
- Record any changes
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Interpretation
- Slant color/butt color: indicates the fermentation of sugars, slant indicates lactose/sucrose, butt indicates glucose
- Production of gas: bubbles or splits in the agar
- Production of H2S: indicated by blackening of the medium
ONPG Test
- o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside
- Determines the ability of bacteria to synthesize the permease enzyme
- Coupled with lactose fermentation test
- Used for biochemical characterization and identification of Gram-negative bacteria
Other Tests
- KCN: Potassium cyanide test
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Widal Test
- Used to diagnose typhoid fever
- Measures antibodies against Salmonella typhi strains
- Blood sample mixed with antiserum containing antibodies against Salmonella typhi
- Agglutination of red blood cells indicates presence of typhoid fever antibodies
- Isolation/Identification
Overview of Bacterial Species
- Pasteurella spp. causes hemorrhagic septicaemia
Other Conditions
- Atrophic Rhinitis: nasal dryness due to thinning or atrophy of nasal tissue
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Pleurisy: inflammation of the pleura, membranes surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity
- Can result in sharp chest pain while breathing or a constant dull ache
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Description
This quiz covers essential information about various bacterial species, including Salmonella and the Enterobacteriaceae family, along with their associated diseases. It also details the Triple-Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) test, outlining its procedures and interpretations related to sugar fermentation and gas production.
