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Questions and Answers
Which antibiotic is considered MOST effective against bacterial pneumonia?
Which antibiotic is considered MOST effective against bacterial pneumonia?
- Neostagmine
- Macrolides (correct)
- Rumin Tonics
- 3rd Generation Quinolones
A chronic cough, dyspnea, and mucopurulent nasal discharge are MOST indicative of which type of pneumonia?
A chronic cough, dyspnea, and mucopurulent nasal discharge are MOST indicative of which type of pneumonia?
- Aspiration Pneumonia
- Viral Interstitial Pneumonia
- Mycoplasma/Atypical Pneumonia (correct)
- Bacterial Pneumonia
Which of the following would be LEAST expected in a patient with bacterial pneumonia?
Which of the following would be LEAST expected in a patient with bacterial pneumonia?
- Dry Cough (correct)
- Neutrophil Infiltration
- Purulent Nasal Discharge
- Intermittent Fever
Which of the following is LEAST associated with drenching/aspiration pneumonia?
Which of the following is LEAST associated with drenching/aspiration pneumonia?
An animal displays a sudden onset of anorexia, abdominal pain, tachycardia, and melena. Which type of abomasal ulcer is MOST likely?
An animal displays a sudden onset of anorexia, abdominal pain, tachycardia, and melena. Which type of abomasal ulcer is MOST likely?
Which factor is LEAST likely a cause of simple indigestion (rumen atony) in cattle?
Which factor is LEAST likely a cause of simple indigestion (rumen atony) in cattle?
What is the MOST likely acid-base imbalance observed in cattle with omasal impaction, indicated by lab results showing decreased serum Cl and K, and increased blood pH?
What is the MOST likely acid-base imbalance observed in cattle with omasal impaction, indicated by lab results showing decreased serum Cl and K, and increased blood pH?
Prolonged recumbency MOST commonly results in which type of ruminal tympany?
Prolonged recumbency MOST commonly results in which type of ruminal tympany?
What is the PRIMARY concern regarding diaphragmatic hernias?
What is the PRIMARY concern regarding diaphragmatic hernias?
Post-mortem analysis of a sheep reveals enlarged, leathery dark ruminal papillae, especially at the dorsal surface of the mucosa. This is MOST indicative of:
Post-mortem analysis of a sheep reveals enlarged, leathery dark ruminal papillae, especially at the dorsal surface of the mucosa. This is MOST indicative of:
Flashcards
Bacterial Pneumonia signs
Bacterial Pneumonia signs
Intermittent fever with shedding of bacteria, high heart rate, greenish-gray or yellowish purulent nasal discharge, multiple consolidation patches.
Mycoplasma Pneumonia signs
Mycoplasma Pneumonia signs
Chronic cough with mucopurulent discharge, fever (if secondary), decreased productivity. Consolidated areas are gray to reddish-brown.
Aspiration Pneumonia Signs
Aspiration Pneumonia Signs
Fitted/offensive breath, loss of weight/condition, possibly crackle sound on auscultation, and severe dyspnea.
Simple Indigestion signs
Simple Indigestion signs
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Abomasal Ulcer signs types 1 and 2
Abomasal Ulcer signs types 1 and 2
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Abomasal Ulcer signs types 3 and 4
Abomasal Ulcer signs types 3 and 4
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Rumen Impaction signs
Rumen Impaction signs
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Ruminal Tympany types
Ruminal Tympany types
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Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis signs
Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis signs
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Study Notes
- Affects the lower respiratory system
Bacterial Pneumonia
- Occurs due to poor ventilation, bad management, transportation, and/or stressful conditions
- Triggers intermittent fever, shedding of bacteria
- Can cause high respiratory and heart rates
- Greenish-gray or yellowish purulent nasal discharge
- Results in pain, fever, and loss of appetite
- Creates multiple red hepatization consolidation patches
- Causes lobar pneumonia in one or more lobes
- Induces a moist, productive cough
- Characterized by neutrophil infiltration, neutrophilia, and leukocytosis
- Develops rapidly
- Treat with antipyretics, antibiotics
- Use macrolides or 3rd generation quinolones
- Immune stimulators and supplemental Vitamin C
- Rumin tonics, neostigmine, and B complex help
- Administer fluids
- Viral pneumonia is a differential diagnosis (interstitial lentivirus), dry cough, constant fever
- Mycoplasmal pneumonia is another differential, with PM nodules
- Verminous/parasitic pneumonia is also a differential characterized by eggs or larvae in feces
Enzootic Pneumonia
- Associated with stress or minor viral pathogens
- Occurs commonly in intensively reared animals, poorly ventilated spaces
- Common in feedlot groups or fattened convalescents
- Causes chronic cough and dyspnea
- Often marked by mucopurulent discharge, yellowish or greenish
- Induces fever accompanied by lowered productivity
- High morbidity, low mortality
- Consolidated areas appear gray to reddish-brown
- Causes red atelectatic areas, evidence of pleuritis, and collapsed lung parts
- Nodular hyaline scar tissue forms on bronchial wall
- Breath smells fetid/offensive
- Causes weight loss, reluctance to lie down, and moist râles
- Rusty bloody discharge, crackle sound in affected sites
- Induces severe dyspnea
- Develops slowly
- Oxytetracycline, tilmicosin florfenicol are good treatment options, broad treatments and should be supported
- Dec stocking levels, adequate ventilation, age segregation help prevent
- Culture in broth medium fails to trigger bacteria
- Antibodies are tested through serologic studies (ELISA) in lab
Drenching/Aspiration Pneumonia
- Results from administering liquid drugs, or occurs during routine deworming
- Common with oily oral preparations
- Triggers dysphagia or laryngeal paralysis
- Requires broad-spectrum antibiotics like cephalosporin or mexin
- Use anti-inflammatory drugs
- Prognosis depends on the type/amount of aspirated material
- Recovery is unlikely, so its generally a bad prognosis
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