27 Questions
What are the monomer building blocks of DNA?
Deoxyribonucleotides
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)
What is the process of generating an identical set of genes during cell division called?
DNA Replication
Which enzyme is responsible for adding free nucleotides to the 3' end of the newly-forming DNA strand during replication?
DNA Polymerase
What is the chemical basis of energy production in cells?
Metabolic diversity
What are the two types of chemotrophs mentioned in the text?
Chemoorganotrophs, Chemolithotrophs
What are the building blocks of DNA called?
Nucleotides
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Which enzyme unwinds bacterial DNA during replication?
DNA gyrase
What is the function of RNA polymerase in gene expression?
Produces an RNA transcript (mRNA)
What is the role of transposons in bacterial genetics?
Carry enzymes required for their own transposition
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
Decodes mRNA by ribosomes
Which type of mutation involves the addition of extra nucleotides into the DNA sequence?
Insertion
What is the role of codons in genetic code?
Encode a particular amino acid
What is the role of rifampicin in bacterial cells?
Inhibits RNA polymerase
Which antibiotic targets ribosomes and protein synthesis in bacterial cells?
Macrolides (e.g. erythromycin)
What is the function of DNA gyrase in bacterial cells?
Unwinds bacterial DNA during replication
What is the primary role of plasmids in bacterial cells?
Carry antibiotic resistance genes
Which process describes the transfer of DNA fragments directly into bacterial cells?
Transformation
What is the function of transposons in bacterial genetics?
Regulate gene expression
Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading and correcting errors during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
What is the process of generating an identical set of genes during cell division in bacteria known as?
DNA replication
Which nitrogenous base pairs with guanine in DNA?
Cytosine
What are the two types of chemotrophs mentioned in the text?
Chemoorganotrophs and Chemolithotrophs
What are the monomer building blocks of DNA called?
Nucleotides
What is the chemical basis of energy production in cells?
Aerobic Respiration
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
Carrying amino acids to the ribosome
Test your knowledge of bacterial genetics, metabolic diversity, energy production, and DNA processes with this quiz.
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