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Bacterial DNA, Transcription, and Translation

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Bacterial DNA, Transcription, and Translation

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Questions and Answers

What is the initial step in the process of transcription?

Binding of RNA polymerase to promoters (correct)

Release of RNA and RNA polymerase at specific termination sites

Incorporation of complementary ribonucleotides

Conversion of genetic information in mRNA into protein

Where does translation occur in the cell?

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Ribosomes (correct)

Endoplasmic reticulum

What determines the exact sequence of amino acids in a protein during translation?

Sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA transcripts (correct)

Sequence of nucleotides in tRNA molecules

Binding of RNA polymerase to promoters

Genetic information in DNA

Which process involves the release of RNA and RNA polymerase at specific termination sites?

Transcription (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of polymerase is responsible for copying DNA into mRNA during transcription?

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

In bacteria, what process occurs simultaneously with transcription?

Translation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA in the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?

Decoding genetic information (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

Type of sugar in the backbone (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a bacterial cell contains the genetic material necessary for the development and functioning of the organism?

Chromosome (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Carrying amino acids to the ribosome (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gene expression, what is the role of promoter genes?

Provide a starting point for transcription (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological significance of supercoiling in bacterial chromosomes?

Helps in condensing DNA within the cell (B) Signup and view all the answers