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Questions and Answers
Which component provides strength to bacterial cell walls?
Which component provides strength to bacterial cell walls?
- Lipopolysaccharide
- Teichoic acids
- S-layer
- Peptidoglycan (correct)
What is the function of lysozyme in bacterial cell walls?
What is the function of lysozyme in bacterial cell walls?
- Strengthens cell walls
- Hydrolyzes lipopolysaccharide
- Facilitates transport of solutes
- Hydrolyzes peptidoglycan (correct)
Which type of cell walls have teichoic acids and are thicker?
Which type of cell walls have teichoic acids and are thicker?
- Gram-negative
- Cell walls lack teichoic acids
- Gram-positive (correct)
- Archaeal
What do Archaeal cell envelopes lack?
What do Archaeal cell envelopes lack?
In which type of cell envelopes is the lipopolysaccharide layer found?
In which type of cell envelopes is the lipopolysaccharide layer found?
What is the function of Lipid A in lipopolysaccharide?
What is the function of Lipid A in lipopolysaccharide?
Where are hydrolytic enzymes and transport proteins located in bacterial and archaeal cells?
Where are hydrolytic enzymes and transport proteins located in bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the function of porins in the outer membrane of bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the function of porins in the outer membrane of bacterial and archaeal cells?
What provides strength and protection to bacterial and archaeal cells?
What provides strength and protection to bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the main function of transport proteins in bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the main function of transport proteins in bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the primary function of the cell wall in bacterial and archaeal cells?
What is the primary function of the cell wall in bacterial and archaeal cells?
What classification system distinguishes bacteria as Gram-positive or Gram-negative?
What classification system distinguishes bacteria as Gram-positive or Gram-negative?
What is the function of bacterial capsules and slime layers?
What is the function of bacterial capsules and slime layers?
What are the functions of pili and fimbriae in bacteria?
What are the functions of pili and fimbriae in bacteria?
What do inclusion bodies in bacteria store?
What do inclusion bodies in bacteria store?
What is the purpose of gas vesicles in floating cells?
What is the purpose of gas vesicles in floating cells?
What is the function of magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria?
What is the function of magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria?
What are endospores in bacteria?
What are endospores in bacteria?
What is the purpose of cell motility in microbes?
What is the purpose of cell motility in microbes?
What is the function of flagella in bacteria?
What is the function of flagella in bacteria?
What is the purpose of chemotaxis in bacteria?
What is the purpose of chemotaxis in bacteria?
What happens to bacterial cells in the absence of a chemical gradient during chemotaxis?
What happens to bacterial cells in the absence of a chemical gradient during chemotaxis?
What is the purpose of measuring chemotaxis in bacteria using a capillary tube?
What is the purpose of measuring chemotaxis in bacteria using a capillary tube?
What is the purpose of sense attractants and repellents with chemoreceptors in E. coli?
What is the purpose of sense attractants and repellents with chemoreceptors in E. coli?
What is the function of the cytoplasmic membrane?
What is the function of the cytoplasmic membrane?
What type of linkage is present in the phospholipids of archaea?
What type of linkage is present in the phospholipids of archaea?
Which structure confers structural strength to prokaryotic cells?
Which structure confers structural strength to prokaryotic cells?
What type of proteins are embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane?
What type of proteins are embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane?
Study Notes
Bacterial and Archaeal Cell Envelope Structures
- Transport proteins move solutes against concentration gradient
- Cell wall withstands osmotic pressure to prevent lysis
- Gram staining classifies bacteria as Gram-positive or Gram-negative
- Peptidoglycan provides strength to bacterial cell walls
- Lysozyme hydrolyzes peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls
- Gram-positive cell walls have teichoic acids and are thicker
- Archaeal cell envelopes lack peptidoglycan and may have S-layer or pseudomurein
- Gram-negative cell envelopes have lipopolysaccharide layer
- Lipid A in lipopolysaccharide is an endotoxin
- Periplasm contains hydrolytic enzymes and transport proteins
- Porins in outer membrane transport small hydrophilic molecules
- S-layers provide strength and protection to bacterial and archaeal cells
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Description
Test your knowledge of bacterial and archaeal cell envelope structures with this quiz. Learn about transport proteins, cell wall composition, Gram staining, peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide, periplasm, and S-layers.
