Bacteria Structure and Function Quiz

<p>Ribosomes for protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It underscores their role in human health and disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain bacterial shape and provide protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thick peptidoglycan layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To synthesize proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By carrying non-essential genes that offer advantages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as a protective shield against the immune system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is an irregularly shaped region containing the bacterial chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helps bacteria evade phagocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thinner peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesize proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serves as a selectively permeable barrier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Round (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptidoglycan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An irregularly shaped region of DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain genes for antibiotic resistance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fimbriae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of a single circular strand of DNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enable bacterial movement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circular double-stranded DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capsule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protect and maintain shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleomorphic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thinner layer of peptidoglycan sandwiched between membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thickness of the peptidoglycan layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect against phagocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It includes water, enzymes, and organic molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To contain the bacterial chromosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It plays a role in respiration and photosynthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a complex polymer found in the cell wall. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thin peptidoglycan layer sandwiched between membranes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can harbor genes that confer advantages, such as antibiotic resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It carries the genetic information essential for survival and function. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some are attached to the plasma membrane and synthesize proteins for external environments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help in the attachment to other cells and surfaces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are prokaryotic cells with simpler structures than eukaryotes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect the cell and maintain its shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can retain the staining dye used in Gram staining. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect from phagocytosis and aid in adherence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a selectively permeable barrier regulating nutrient and waste exchange. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are rod-shaped. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a gel-like substance containing essential enzymes and organic molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a thinner layer of peptidoglycan sandwiched between membranes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are essential for protein synthesis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-negative bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capsule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulating nutrient and waste passage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleomorphic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptidoglycan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carry genes that can confer antibiotic resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pili/Fimbriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flagella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasmids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell envelope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being hair-like structures that assist in attachment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes for protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria have a nucleoid that contains genetic material. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attachment to surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provide antibiotic resistance genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thin peptidoglycan layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It holds the bacterial chromosome in an irregular shape. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleomorphic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storing genetic information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It promotes adherence to surfaces. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptidoglycan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides a medium for biochemical reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protecting the bacteria and maintaining its shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-negative bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protecting against phagocytosis and aiding in adherence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gel-like substance composed mainly of water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An irregularly shaped region containing the bacterial chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are extra-chromosomal DNA molecules that can exist independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enclosing the cytoplasm and controlling material passage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rod-shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capsule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To carry genes for traits like antibiotic resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flagella (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attachment to surfaces and other cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevents phagocytosis and aids in adherence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides protection and determines Gram staining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic cell structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulates transport and encloses cytoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fimbriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are prokaryotic cells with a simple structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It maintains the shape and provides structural support. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-negative bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rod (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection against phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gel-like substance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of multiple layers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are round-shaped. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They confer advantages such as antibiotic resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flagella (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It holds the cell's chromosome in an irregular shape. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma membrane-associated ribosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate adherence to surfaces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composed of RNA and protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are essential for bacterial growth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pili (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain essential genes for survival. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitating movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hair-like structures that help bacteria stick to surfaces and other cells.

Long, whip-like structures that enable bacterial movement.

External layer of bacteria, composed of cell wall and plasma membrane.

Part of the cell envelope; important for determining gram-staining and shape.

Inside part of the bacterial cell that contains genetic material and ribosomes.

A unique molecule in cell walls; determines Gram staining.

Bacteria with thick peptidoglycan retaining the Gram stain dye.

Bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer, not retaining the Gram stain.

Innermost layer of the bacterial envelope; vital for survival.

Protein synthesis sites in the cytoplasm.

Region containing the bacterial chromosome.

Extrachromosomal DNA; often carry genes for advantages.

Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes.

The cell envelope is a multilayered structure surrounding bacterial cells, composed of the cell wall, plasma membrane, and sometimes a capsule.

The cell wall is the outermost layer of the cell envelope, providing protection and determining cell shape. It is composed of peptidoglycan, a unique molecule.

Peptidoglycan is a unique molecule found in bacterial cell walls. It's a complex sugar-protein network that determines the cell's Gram staining property.

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, retaining the Gram stain. Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner layer sandwiched between the outer membrane and plasma membrane.

The plasma membrane is the innermost layer of the cell envelope, encasing the cytoplasm. It controls the passage of molecules, and plays a vital role in nutrient uptake, waste excretion, respiration, and photosynthesis.

The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance within the plasma membrane, containing water, cell components, enzymes, and organic molecules. It's where ribosomes, the nucleoid, and plasmids are located.

Ribosomes are located throughout the cytoplasm and are responsible for protein synthesis. Plasma membrane-associated ribosomes synthesize proteins for the cell envelope or export.

A single, circular molecule of DNA found in the nucleoid region of bacteria. It contains genes that provide instructions for protein synthesis.

Small, circular or linear, extrachromosomal DNA molecules that can exist independently of the bacterial chromosome. They often carry genes that provide selective advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

Hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that allow them to attach to other cells.

Short, hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that help them attach to surfaces.

Long, whip-like structures that enable bacterial movement.

Bacteria come in various shapes like spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), spirals, or can be pleomorphic (multiple forms).

The cell wall protects the bacteria, determines its shape, and plays a role in Gram staining.

Peptidoglycan is a unique molecule in bacterial cell walls. Its thickness determines whether a bacteria is Gram-positive or Gram-negative.

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, retaining the Gram stain dye. Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner layer, making them unable to retain the dye.

The capsule is an extra layer on some bacteria. It helps the bacteria evade the immune system and stick to surfaces.

The plasma membrane is a vital layer that controls what enters and leaves the bacteria. It also helps with functions like respiration and photosynthesis.

The cytoplasm contains the gel-like substance within the plasma membrane, including ribosomes, the nucleoid, and plasmids.

Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, producing proteins for the cell's needs or for export.

Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

The layers surrounding a bacterial cell, including the cell wall, plasma membrane, and sometimes a capsule.

A rigid structure that protects the bacterium and gives it its shape.

A polysaccharide layer surrounding the cell wall that protects the bacterium from phagocytosis and aids in adherence

A phospholipid bilayer that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Ribosomes attached to the plasma membrane, responsible for synthesizing proteins destined for the cell envelope or external environments.

Small, circular DNA molecules found in many bacteria that can replicate independently of the chromosome.

An irregularly shaped region within the cytoplasm of a bacterium that contains the bacterial chromosome.

Hair-like structures that enable bacteria to attach to other cells or surfaces.

Long, whip-like structures that propel bacteria through their environment.

A gel-like substance within the plasma membrane, containing water, essential enzymes, and important cell components like ribosomes, the nucleoid, and plasmids.

Essential for protein synthesis, found scattered throughout the cytoplasm. They are the factories where proteins are manufactured.

Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic organisms. They are ubiquitous, found in diverse environments, including the human body, and can be beneficial or harmful.

The bacterial cell wall is primarily composed of peptidoglycan, a unique molecule made of sugar and protein.

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, retaining the crystal violet dye during Gram staining. Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer, allowing the dye to be washed away.

Bacteria can be Cocci (round), Bacilli (rod), Spirilla (spiral) or Pleomorphic (multiple shapes).

Ribosomes are crucial for protein synthesis, found both free in the cytoplasm and attached to the plasma membrane.

Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, meaning they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells.

Plasmids can carry genes for antibiotic resistance, allowing bacteria to survive in environments where antibiotics are present.

Pili and fimbriae are hair-like structures that help bacteria stick to surfaces, other cells, or even form biofilms.

The cell envelope is a multilayered structure that surrounds bacteria, protecting them and regulating their interactions with the environment.

The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance inside the bacterial cell. It contains essential components like ribosomes for protein synthesis and the nucleoid, which holds the bacterial DNA.

Some bacteria gain antibiotic resistance by acquiring genes from plasmids. These genes allow them to inactivate antibiotics or prevent them from entering the cell.

Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, producing proteins for the cell's needs or for export.

The nucleoid is an irregularly shaped region within the cytoplasm of a bacterium that contains the bacterial chromosome.

Ribosomes are the protein synthesis factories of the bacteria. They are found throughout the cytoplasm and make proteins for the cell's needs.

Prokaryotic cells, like bacteria, lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles found in eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria or Golgi complexes.

Ribosomes that are free in the cytoplasm, producing proteins that stay within the cell.

Ribosomes attached to the plasma membrane, responsible for synthesizing proteins destined for the cell envelope or external environments.

Describing DNA molecules that exist independently of the chromosome.