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Podcast
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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a cell type found in the filamentous colony of Anabaena?
Which of the following is NOT a cell type found in the filamentous colony of Anabaena?
- Heterocyst
- Trichome (correct)
- Vegetative cell
- Akinete
What is the main purpose of the heterocyst in Anabaena?
What is the main purpose of the heterocyst in Anabaena?
- Nitrogen fixation (correct)
- Protection from harsh environments
- Photosynthesis
- Reproduction
How do Oscillatoria spp. reproduce asexually?
How do Oscillatoria spp. reproduce asexually?
- Spore formation
- Binary fission
- Fragmentation (correct)
- Budding
What is the primary function of the gelatinous matrix in Merismopedia spp. colonies?
What is the primary function of the gelatinous matrix in Merismopedia spp. colonies?
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium bacteria and clover?
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium bacteria and clover?
Which of the following statements is TRUE about bacteria?
Which of the following statements is TRUE about bacteria?
Which of these is a defining characteristic of archaea?
Which of these is a defining characteristic of archaea?
Why are cyanobacteria termed "blue-green algae"?
Why are cyanobacteria termed "blue-green algae"?
How does a Gram stain differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
How does a Gram stain differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
What is a significant contribution of cyanobacteria to the Earth's ecosystem?
What is a significant contribution of cyanobacteria to the Earth's ecosystem?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Domain Bacteria
Domain Bacteria
One of the three domains of life, consisting of prokaryotic and unicellular organisms.
Filamentous Colony Shape
Filamentous Colony Shape
A colony type where cells form long thread-like structures, such as those in certain cyanobacteria.
Gram Stain
Gram Stain
A method to classify bacteria as Gram positive or Gram negative based on cell wall structure.
Vegetative Cell
Vegetative Cell
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Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria
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Heterocyst
Heterocyst
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Azolla-Anabaena Symbiosis
Azolla-Anabaena Symbiosis
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Peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycan
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Extremophiles
Extremophiles
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Rhizobium and Clover Relationship
Rhizobium and Clover Relationship
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
- Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
- Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
- Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotes
- Eukarya is a domain of eukaryotes
Hierarchical Classification System
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
Taxonomy
- Bacteria is a domain
- Eubacteria is a kingdom of bacteria
- Archaea is a domain, also known as extremophiles
- Archaebacteria is a kingdom of Archaea
Bacteria Characteristics
- Domain: Bacteria
- Kingdom: Eubacteria
- Prokaryotic and unicellular
- Cell wall containing peptidoglycan
- Mostly heterotrophic, some are autotrophic (like cyanobacteria)
Bacterial Morphology
- Bacilli: rod-shaped
- Cocci: spherical
- Spirilla: spiral-shaped
- Different arrangements like diplococci, staphylococci, streptococci, sarcina, tetrad.
Gram Staining
- Bacteria are classified as Gram-positive or Gram-negative based on their cell wall structure
- Gram stain uses reagents to differentiate bacteria
- Gram-positive bacteria appear purple, Gram-negative appear red
Cyanobacteria
- Also called blue-green algae
- Gram-negative bacteria
- Autotrophic (photosynthetic)
- Contain phycobilins (pigments giving blue-green color)
- Important genera include Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Merismopedia
- Important for oxygen in atmosphere and nitrogen fixation
- Can form noxious blooms
Cyanobacteria Symbiotic Relationships
- Azolla (water fern) and Anabaena (cyanobacteria) forming a symbiotic relationship
Symbiotic Relationship with Plants
- Nitrogen fixation is essential for plants
- Plants can't use atmospheric nitrogen directly
- Bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3)- usable for plants
- Examples of such symbiotic relationships include Azolla and Anabaena, Clover and Rhizobium.
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