Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two main categories in which all living cells are classified?
What are the two main categories in which all living cells are classified?
- Plants and animals
- Prokaryotes and eukaryotes (correct)
- Viruses and fungi
- Protists and bacteria
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
- True nucleus
- Single-celled or multicellular
- Lack true nucleus (correct)
- Plants and animals
Which organisms are typically categorized as prokaryotes?
Which organisms are typically categorized as prokaryotes?
- Plants and animals
- Bacteria and Archaea (correct)
- Fungi and protists
- Amoeba, paramecium, and malaria parasite
Which type of cell can be both single-celled and multicellular?
Which type of cell can be both single-celled and multicellular?
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Which type of cell encodes genetic information in DNA?
Which type of cell encodes genetic information in DNA?
Which category of cells includes plants, animals, fungi, and protists?
Which category of cells includes plants, animals, fungi, and protists?
What defines the boundaries of a living cell?
What defines the boundaries of a living cell?
Which domain do prokaryotic cells belong to?
Which domain do prokaryotic cells belong to?
Which type of cell is typically single-celled?
Which type of cell is typically single-celled?
Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic single-celled organism?
Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic single-celled organism?
What is a common feature of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding genetic information?
What is a common feature of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding genetic information?
Which of the following are not considered eukaryotic cells?
Which of the following are not considered eukaryotic cells?
What is the shape of DNA in Prokaryotes?
What is the shape of DNA in Prokaryotes?
Where is the DNA located in Prokaryotes?
Where is the DNA located in Prokaryotes?
What do Prokaryotes lack in terms of organelles?
What do Prokaryotes lack in terms of organelles?
How do Prokaryotes reproduce?
How do Prokaryotes reproduce?
What is the shape of DNA in Eukaryotes?
What is the shape of DNA in Eukaryotes?
Where is the DNA located in Eukaryotes?
Where is the DNA located in Eukaryotes?
What are the two processes involved in cell division for Eukaryotes?
What are the two processes involved in cell division for Eukaryotes?
What is the method of reproduction in Eukaryotes?
What is the method of reproduction in Eukaryotes?
What is the method of reproduction in Prokaryotes?
What is the method of reproduction in Prokaryotes?
What is the typical size range of bacterial cells?
What is the typical size range of bacterial cells?
Which type of bacteria can measure up to 60 μm in length?
Which type of bacteria can measure up to 60 μm in length?
What term is used to describe bacteria that can have varying shapes in a single culture?
What term is used to describe bacteria that can have varying shapes in a single culture?
What shape is associated with the term "coccus"?
What shape is associated with the term "coccus"?
How is the arrangement "tetrads" characterized?
How is the arrangement "tetrads" characterized?
What is the result of division in three planes for cocci bacteria?
What is the result of division in three planes for cocci bacteria?
How do bacilli bacteria divide?
How do bacilli bacteria divide?
What is the term for random division in grapelike clusters?
What is the term for random division in grapelike clusters?
Which type of bacteria can only divide in one plane?
Which type of bacteria can only divide in one plane?
What is the term used to describe bacteria shaped like a Rod-shaped?
What is the term used to describe bacteria shaped like a Rod-shaped?
What term is used to describe rigid wavy-shaped spiral bacteria?
What term is used to describe rigid wavy-shaped spiral bacteria?
What is the function of the bacterial cell wall?
What is the function of the bacterial cell wall?
Which structure lies outside the cell membrane?
Which structure lies outside the cell membrane?
What is the composition of peptidoglycan?
What is the composition of peptidoglycan?
What is the additional molecule found in the cell wall of G+ve bacteria?
What is the additional molecule found in the cell wall of G+ve bacteria?
Which type of bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan?
Which type of bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan?
What forms the outermost layer of the cell wall of G-ve bacteria?
What forms the outermost layer of the cell wall of G-ve bacteria?
Why are G-ve bacteria less sensitive to many antibiotics?
Why are G-ve bacteria less sensitive to many antibiotics?
What attaches the outer membrane to peptidoglycan in G-ve bacteria?
What attaches the outer membrane to peptidoglycan in G-ve bacteria?
What is the function of 'porins' in the outer membrane?
What is the function of 'porins' in the outer membrane?
Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane composed of lipopolysaccharides?
Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane composed of lipopolysaccharides?
Which structure is considered one of the reasons why G-ve bacteria are less sensitive to many antibiotics?
Which structure is considered one of the reasons why G-ve bacteria are less sensitive to many antibiotics?
What are Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) also known as?
What are Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) also known as?
What is the function of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in bacterial cells?
What is the function of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in bacterial cells?
What is the integral part of the outer membrane of bacterial cells?
What is the integral part of the outer membrane of bacterial cells?
What is the role of Lipid A in G-ve bacteria?
What is the role of Lipid A in G-ve bacteria?
What is the function of the Periplasmic space?
What is the function of the Periplasmic space?
Which type of bacteria is more likely to have a well-observed Periplasmic space?
Which type of bacteria is more likely to have a well-observed Periplasmic space?
What is the main function of transport proteins in the Periplasmic space?
What is the main function of transport proteins in the Periplasmic space?
How do antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins control bacteria?
How do antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins control bacteria?
Which enzyme in tears and other body fluids digests peptidoglycan?
Which enzyme in tears and other body fluids digests peptidoglycan?
What distinguishes Mycoplasma from other bacteria in terms of cell wall?
What distinguishes Mycoplasma from other bacteria in terms of cell wall?
How do Mycoplasma protect themselves from osmotic swelling and bursting?
How do Mycoplasma protect themselves from osmotic swelling and bursting?
What are wall-deficient bacteria strains that lose the ability to form a cell wall called?
What are wall-deficient bacteria strains that lose the ability to form a cell wall called?
How can bacteria lose the ability to form a cell wall and become L-forms?
How can bacteria lose the ability to form a cell wall and become L-forms?
What role do L-forms play in diseases?
What role do L-forms play in diseases?
What is the function of the cell membrane in bacterial cells?
What is the function of the cell membrane in bacterial cells?
What is the primary composition of the cell membrane?
What is the primary composition of the cell membrane?
What is the structure of the cell membrane bilayer?
What is the structure of the cell membrane bilayer?
Which component is responsible for adding rigidity to the cell membrane in Mycoplasma?
Which component is responsible for adding rigidity to the cell membrane in Mycoplasma?
How is the fluid mosaic model described?
How is the fluid mosaic model described?
How does some antimicrobial kill bacteria by affecting the cell membrane?
How does some antimicrobial kill bacteria by affecting the cell membrane?
What is the role of proteins in the cell membrane?
What is the role of proteins in the cell membrane?
In addition to phospholipids and proteins, what does Mycoplasma have in its cell membrane for added rigidity?
In addition to phospholipids and proteins, what does Mycoplasma have in its cell membrane for added rigidity?
What are some of the functions performed by the cell membrane in bacteria that are similar to those carried out by mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
What are some of the functions performed by the cell membrane in bacteria that are similar to those carried out by mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Which antimicrobial agents kill bacteria by causing leaks in the cell membrane?
Which antimicrobial agents kill bacteria by causing leaks in the cell membrane?
What is the composition of cytoplasm in bacterial cells?
What is the composition of cytoplasm in bacterial cells?
Where do most anabolic and catabolic reactions occur in bacterial cells?
Where do most anabolic and catabolic reactions occur in bacterial cells?
What is the function of ribosomes in bacterial cells?
What is the function of ribosomes in bacterial cells?
How is the size of ribosomes and their subunits determined?
How is the size of ribosomes and their subunits determined?
What is the composition of a whole bacterial ribosome?
What is the composition of a whole bacterial ribosome?
What is the nuclear region in bacterial cells?
What is the nuclear region in bacterial cells?
What are plasmids in bacterial cells?
What are plasmids in bacterial cells?
What is sporulation in bacterial cells?
What is sporulation in bacterial cells?
What are the main components of a bacterial spore?
What are the main components of a bacterial spore?
What is the role of dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores?
What is the role of dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores?
How long can bacterial endospores survive in adverse environmental conditions?
How long can bacterial endospores survive in adverse environmental conditions?
What triggers the germination of bacterial endospores?
What triggers the germination of bacterial endospores?
What is the composition of a flagellum?
What is the composition of a flagellum?
What is the function of a flagellum in bacterial cells?
What is the function of a flagellum in bacterial cells?
How is the flagellum attached in the cell membrane?
How is the flagellum attached in the cell membrane?
What is a bacteria with a single polar flagellum called?
What is a bacteria with a single polar flagellum called?
In which type of bacteria are flagella located at both ends?
In which type of bacteria are flagella located at both ends?
What is chemotaxis?
What is chemotaxis?
What is the term for movement away from a repellent?
What is the term for movement away from a repellent?
How do bacteria detect changes in concentration for chemotaxis?
How do bacteria detect changes in concentration for chemotaxis?
What is the special type of flagella in spirochetes called?
What is the special type of flagella in spirochetes called?
What is the composition of pili?
What is the composition of pili?
What is the function of conjugation pili?
What is the function of conjugation pili?
How does attachment pili contribute to pathogenicity?
How does attachment pili contribute to pathogenicity?
What is glycocalyx composed of?
What is glycocalyx composed of?
What is the purpose of a capsule in certain bacteria?
What is the purpose of a capsule in certain bacteria?
What is the main function of a slime layer?
What is the main function of a slime layer?
What are microbial biofilms?
What are microbial biofilms?
What is dental plaque an example of?
What is dental plaque an example of?
How do biofilms affect bacterial resistance to antimicrobials?
How do biofilms affect bacterial resistance to antimicrobials?
What percentage of chronic human infections are estimated to be implicated with biofilms?
What percentage of chronic human infections are estimated to be implicated with biofilms?
Flashcards
Prokaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cell
A type of cell that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell
A type of cell that has a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Bacteria
Bacteria
A domain of prokaryotic organisms.
Archaea
Archaea
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Cell membrane
Cell membrane
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Nucleus
Nucleus
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Cell wall
Cell wall
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Peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycan
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Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
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Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria
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Outer membrane
Outer membrane
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Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
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Binary fission
Binary fission
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Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
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Circular DNA
Circular DNA
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Linear DNA
Linear DNA
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Nucleoid
Nucleoid
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Nucleus
Nucleus
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Bacillus
Bacillus
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Coccus
Coccus
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Spirillum
Spirillum
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Pleomorphism
Pleomorphism
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Osmotic lysis
Osmotic lysis
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