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Questions and Answers
Which vitamin is essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?
Which vitamin is essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?
Which of the following vitamins plays a crucial role in the production of energy and the synthesis of fatty acids?
Which of the following vitamins plays a crucial role in the production of energy and the synthesis of fatty acids?
Which vitamin is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and the production of hemoglobin?
Which vitamin is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and the production of hemoglobin?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the maintenance of the nervous system and the synthesis of DNA?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the maintenance of the nervous system and the synthesis of DNA?
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Which water-soluble vitamin is essential for the synthesis of red blood cells and the production of energy?
Which water-soluble vitamin is essential for the synthesis of red blood cells and the production of energy?
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Which of the following water-soluble vitamins is essential for the metabolism of glucose and the production of energy?
Which of the following water-soluble vitamins is essential for the metabolism of glucose and the production of energy?
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Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the metabolism of amino acids?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the metabolism of amino acids?
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Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the maintenance of the immune system and the synthesis of DNA?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the maintenance of the immune system and the synthesis of DNA?
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Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and the maintenance of the nervous system?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and the maintenance of the nervous system?
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Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids and the maintenance of the immune system?
Which water-soluble vitamin is involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids and the maintenance of the immune system?
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Study Notes
B Vitamins
- Exhibit structural diversity
- Major function: components of coenzymes
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
- Has energetic functions
- Nourishes the brain
- Food sources: eggs, grains, milk, beans, and nuts
- Name comes from "thio" meaning "sulfur" and "amine" meaning "amine"
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Known as the yellow vitamin due to its color
- Name comes from its color "Flavin" meaning yellow in Latin and its ribose component
- Involved in oxidation-reduction reactions in which hydrogen atoms are transferred from one molecule to another
- Exist as FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (Flavin mononucleotide)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
- Occurs in food as Nicotinic acid and Nicotinamide
- Involved in oxidation-reduction reactions in which hydrogen atoms are transferred from one molecule to another
- Nicotinic acid is prepared by oxidizing nicotine using nitric acid
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
- Found in almost every plant and animal tissue
- Derived from "pantothen" meaning "from everywhere"
- A component of Coenzyme A (CoA), required in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
- A component of ACL (acyl carrier protein), a "giant coenzyme molecule" important in the biosynthesis of fatty acids
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, and Pyridoxamine)
- Participate in reactions where amino groups are transferred between molecules
- Important in the metabolism of protein molecules
- Pyridoxine is found in foods of plant origin
- Pyridoxal and Pyridoxamine are found in foods of animal origin
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
- Can be obtained from dietary intake and via biotin-producing bacteria present in the human large intestine
- Participates in carboxylation reactions as a coenzyme
- A biotin-containing enzyme is needed in the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, a reaction that occurs during protein metabolism
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Description
Test your knowledge on the preferred and alternative names for B vitamins such as Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic acid, and Biotin. Explore their structural diversity and major functions as components of coenzymes.
