18 Questions
Which type of receptors recognizes a ligand on a distinct cell and can influence transcription of specific target genes?
Nuclear receptor
In T cell activation, what is the role of microRNA?
Regulate T cell activation
What is the function of complement in B cell activation?
Support B cell activation
Which category of signalling receptors in the immune system uses a non-receptor tyrosine kinase?
Receptor tyrosine kinase
How are cytokines and their receptors regulated?
Highly regulated expression
What type of receptor is a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor in the immune system?
G protein-coupled receptor
What is the role of non-receptor tyrosine kinases in cytokine signaling?
Activate downstream enzymes in the cytosolic phase
How does a phosphotyrosine-containing receptor tail affect downstream signaling?
Facilitates the recruitment and activation of downstream enzymes
Which domain in c-SRC mediates the binding to other signaling proteins?
SRC homology 2 (SH2) domain
What is the role of complement in B cell activation?
Enhances microbial antigen binding to membrane immunoglobulin
What is the function of a generic receptor that activates a non-receptor tyrosine kinase (NRTK)?
Activating an NRTK after ligand binding
What role do non-receptor tyrosine kinases play in regulating cell functions?
Promoting cell growth and proliferation
Which molecule plays a key role in terminating T cell responses?
CBL-b
How does a modified transcription factor facilitate gene expression?
By binding to specific regions in the promoter or regulatory regions of target genes
What happens after antigen-induced cross-linking of membrane immunoglobulin on B cells?
Clustering of SRC family tyrosine kinases
Which process is initiated by engagement of microbial antigens with complement fragment C3d in B cells?
Initiation of signaling cascades from both B cell receptor complex and CR2 complex
What follows the tyrosine phosphorylation of the ITAMs in the cytoplasmic tails of Igα and Igβ molecules on B cells?
Activation of transcription factors
Which signaling receptors are involved in the immune system similar to those described in T cells?
NFAT and NF-κB
Test your knowledge on the signal initiation by antigens in B cells. Learn about the cross-linking of BCR, activation of tyrosine kinases, phosphorylation events, and transcription factor activation.
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