Chapter 9+11 B-Cell Development, Activation, and Differentiation Quiz

What are the three broad stages involved in the production of plasma cells and memory B cells?

Which stage involves the interaction of mature B cells with antigens?

which of the following is correct three broad stages Production of plasma cells and memory B cells ?

Which stage involves the development of immunocompetent B cells?

What is the outcome of the antigen-independent maturation phase of B-cell development?

What happens to naive B cells in the periphery if they do not encounter soluble protein antigen and activated TH cells?

What is affinity maturation of B-cell development?

What happens if a B cell is activated by an antigen specific to its membrane-bound antibody?

Naive B cells in the periphery can survive for a long time even without encountering soluble protein antigen and activated TH cells.

Only about 10% of potential B cells reach maturity and exit the bone marrow during B-cell development.

Where do Pro-B cells proliferate?

What is the role of IL-7 in B cell development?

What is necessary for a B cell to become fully functional?

What type of antigens require B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation in the periphery?

Which of the following is correct B-cell Activation and Proliferation?

What type of antigen requires B cell direct contact with TH cells for activation?

What type of antigen elicits a T-independent response and binds to both Ig and innate receptors on B cells?

At high antigen concentrations, what is the outcome of mitogenic stimulation for all B cells bearing the relevant innate receptors?

What is the characteristic of the antibodies produced when B-cell stimulation occurs through the innate receptor only?

What is the term used for antigens that bind to both Ig and innate receptors on B cells and elicit a T-independent response?

What is the characteristic of Type 2 thymus-independent (TI-2) antigens?

What is the ability of TI-2 antigens to activate B cells in the absence of T-cell help attributed to?

What is the additional characteristic of most naturally occurring TI-2 antigens?

What is the outcome of mitogenic stimulation for all B cells bearing the relevant innate receptors at high antigen concentrations?

What is required for signal transduction by an activated B-cell receptor?

What must membrane Ig be associated with to generate a signal for B-cell activation?

Which components interact with the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) after antigen crosslinkage of the BCR?

Why are the cytoplasmic tails of membrane-bound antibodies too short to generate a signal for B-cell activation?

Membrane Ig must be associated with B-cell receptor Ig-α/Ig-β for the initial stages of signal transduction by an activated B-cell receptor (BCR).

The cytoplasmic tails of membrane-bound antibodies are long enough to generate a signal by associating with tyrosine kinases and G proteins.

Following antigen crosslinkage of the BCR, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) interact with members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, activating the kinases.

Only about 50% of potential B cells reach maturity and exit the bone marrow during B-cell development.

Where do small foci of proliferating B cells form after antigen-mediated B-cell activation takes place?

What is the outcome of the activated B cells with Th cells leaving the foci to the primary follicles?

What happens to all the activated cells after they migrate to the center of secondary follicles?

Where does antigenic challenge leading to a humoral immune response involve a complex series of events?

What is formed at the edges of the T-cell–rich zone after antigen-mediated B-cell activation takes place?

What happens to the activated B cells with Th cells after they develop into memory B cells?

What are the three important B-cell differentiation events that take place in germinal centers?

When do germinal centers arise after initial exposure to thymus-dependent antigen?

What happens during the first stage of germinal-center formation?

What occurs in the antigen-dependent phase of B-cell development?

What is the outcome of B cells migrating into germinal centers?

What characterizes centrocytes within the light zone of germinal centers?

What must centrocytes do within the light zone to survive?

What do centrocytes compete with each other to bind within the light zone?

What happens to B cells that fail antigen-mediated selection within germinal centers?

What is the major outcome of the germinal center in the context of B cell development?

What is the outcome of the encounter with TH cells for B cells within germinal centers?

What is the fate of B cells bearing high-affinity membrane immunoglobulin within germinal centers?

What is the role of CD40L in class switching?

What is the outcome of X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome?

What is the consequence of TH cells failing to express CD40L?

What is the significance of cytokines in class switching?

Class switching involves the change in the isotype of the antibody produced by the B cell.

Affinity maturation is the decrease in the average affinity of the antibodies produced during B-cell activation.

Thymus-dependent antigens require B cell direct contact with TH cells for activation.

Naive B cells in the periphery can survive for a long time even without encountering soluble protein antigen and activated TH cells.

What characterizes a primary response to antigen in the humoral immune system?

What is the role of memory B cells?

What is the outcome of the activation of memory cells by antigen?

What distinguishes a secondary antibody response from a primary response?

Why are certain vaccines for measles and mumps not administered to infants before the age of 1 year?

What is the impact of immunizing an infant with measles or mumps vaccine while maternal antibody is still present?

What is the reason behind not administering certain vaccines to infants before the age of 1 year?

What is the consequence of maternal IgG acquired by the fetus on the immunization of infants with specific vaccines?

What is the state of unresponsiveness called when the immune system encounters an antigen?

What plays an important role in the regulation of the immune effector response?

What can render an animal tolerant or result in the formation of memory cells upon a previous encounter with antigen?

Which components must be regulated heavily in the immune effector response?

What does a B cell differentiate into after undergoing clonal expansion?