Lecture 17 part 1- soical behaviors
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of B cell receptors (BCRs) on the surface of B cells?

  • Inhibit B cell proliferation
  • Bind to antigens (correct)
  • Secrete cytokines
  • Promote helper T cell activation

    • Why is antigen binding to BCRs alone often insufficient for full B cell activation?

  • Absence of co-stimulatory signals (correct)
  • Lack of cytokine production
  • Excessive helper T cell activity
  • Overexpression of IgM

    • What role do helper T cells play in the activation of B cells?

  • Inhibit B cell proliferation
  • Promote antigen recognition
  • Provide co-stimulatory signals (correct)
  • Directly secrete antibodies

    • Why is the microenvironment of secondary lymphoid organs crucial for B cell activation?

    <p>To provide signals necessary for B cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stimuli are involved in promoting B cell proliferation and differentiation besides antigens?

    <p>Cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate fate of differentiated B cell clones in the humoral immune response?

    <p>Differentiate into memory B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune cell presents antigens to T cells via MHC molecules?

    <p>Dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do activated B cells and CD4+ T cells migrate and interact within lymphoid organs?

    <p>At the boundary between T cell and B cell zones within lymphoid follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in B cell responses?

    <p>Tfh cells interact with B cells in germinal centers to promote affinity maturation and memory B cell generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of germinal centers within B cell follicles?

    <p>Germinal centers are where B cells undergo somatic hypermutation to increase their affinity for the antigen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which B cells increase the affinity of their B cell receptors (BCRs) during an immune response?

    <p>B cells undergo somatic hypermutation of their BCR genes, leading to the selection of higher affinity variants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two key events occur in the late stages of a B cell response?

    <p>Affinity maturation and class switching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune cell is primarily responsible for capturing and presenting antigens to B cells?

    <p>Dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary signal that triggers B cell proliferation and differentiation upon antigen binding?

    <p>Binding of the antigen to the B cell receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key process involved in the generation of memory B cells during the humoral immune response?

    <p>Somatic hypermutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antibodies produced by plasma cells during the humoral immune response?

    <p>Neutralizing pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is responsible for improving the affinity of antibodies for their target antigens over time during the humoral immune response?

    <p>Affinity maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of memory B cells generated during the humoral immune response?

    <p>Producing high-affinity antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes T-dependent responses?

    <p>They contribute to long-term immunity through high-affinity antibodies and memory B cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes T-independent responses for multivalent antigens?

    <p>They are triggered by multivalent antigens with repeating epitopes, without T cell help.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the antibodies generated in T-independent responses?

    <p>They are primarily of the IgM isotype and have low affinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the involvement of follicular B cells in immune responses?

    <p>Follicular B cells are involved in T-dependent responses, interacting with helper T cells in germinal centers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following B cell subsets are involved in T-independent responses?

    <p>Marginal zone B cells and B1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately compares T-dependent and T-independent responses?

    <p>T-dependent responses involve follicular B cells and generate high-affinity antibodies, while T-independent responses involve marginal zone B cells and B1 cells and generate low-affinity antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of antigen recognition by B cells?

    <p>B cells capture protein antigens through receptor-mediated endocytosis or phagocytosis, and the internalized antigens are processed within endosomes or lysosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of helper T cells in the interaction with B cells during antigen recognition?

    <p>Helper T cells express T cell receptors (TCRs) that specifically recognize peptide-MHC complexes presented by B cells, leading to their activation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of antigen presentation by B cells to helper T cells?

    <p>Processed antigen peptides are loaded onto class II MHC molecules within endosomes or lysosomes, and these complexes are then transported to the cell surface for recognition by helper T cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of co-stimulatory signals provided by B cells in the activation of helper T cells?

    <p>Co-stimulatory signals provided by B cells, such as the interaction between CD80/86 (B7) on B cells and CD28 on T cells, further enhance the activation of helper T cells initiated by the recognition of peptide-MHC complexes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of B cells in the immune response?

    <p>B cells capture and process protein antigens, and present them to helper T cells, which in turn provide co-stimulatory signals to activate B cells for antibody production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the interaction between B cells and helper T cells in the context of the immune response?

    <p>The interaction between B cells and helper T cells is crucial for the development of germinal centers and the generation of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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