B and T Cell Development and Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

Where does the B cell undergo nearly all of its development?

  • Thymus gland
  • Spleen
  • Lymph nodes
  • Red bone marrow (correct)

What is the primary function of the thymus gland in the immune system?

  • Maturation of T cells (correct)
  • Proliferation of lymphocytes
  • Maturation of B cells
  • Selection of pathogens

Which organ takes over most hematopoietic functions as development proceeds?

  • Thymus gland
  • Liver
  • Bone marrow (correct)
  • Spleen

What type of cells make up the yellow bone marrow?

<p>Fat cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the thymus gland located in the body?

<p>Between the sternum and the aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ serves as a primary lymphoid organ where lymphocytes mature?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the immature T cell, called a thymocyte, primarily mature?

<p>Thymus gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for hematopoiesis and consists largely of fat cells?

<p>Yellow bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the primary lymphoid organs in the immune system?

<p>Selection of lymphocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is a bilobed organ located between the sternum and the aorta of the heart?

<p>Thymus gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organ does the B cell mostly undergo its development?

<p>Red bone marrow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which connective tissue structure further divides the thymus into lobules?

<p>Trabeculae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of tonsils in the body?

<p>To recognize and eliminate pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) found in the body?

<p>Underlying the mucosa of various organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific role do Peyer’s patches play in the immune system?

<p>Initiate immune responses against ingested substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells within MALT samples material from the intestinal lumen for immune responses?

<p>M cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if there is a blockage of the lumen in the appendix involving MALT?

<p>Immune response activation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are tonsils often removed in children with recurring throat infections?

<p>To eliminate interference with breathing and swallowing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a naïve lymphocyte and an activated lymphocyte?

<p>Naïve lymphocytes have not yet encountered an antigen, while activated lymphocytes have. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of germinal centers in secondary lymphoid organs?

<p>Sites of rapidly dividing and differentiating B lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of high endothelial venules in secondary lymphoid organs?

<p>Facilitate direct entry of cells from the blood into the tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymph nodes in the immune system?

<p>Remove debris and pathogens from the lymph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphocytes primarily develop and mature?

<p>Primary lymphoid organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of lymphoid follicles in secondary lymphoid organs?

<p>Sites of the formation of B and T cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendritic cells and macrophages in the lymph node?

<p>Internalizing and killing pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural feature provides support to the lymph node by laying down reticular fibers?

<p>Fibroblasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the spleen in relation to blood?

<p>Filtering blood and removing microbes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the function of red pulp in the spleen?

<p>Acts as a filtration system for the blood using immune cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of white pulp in the spleen?

<p>Mounting adaptive T and B cell responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are lymphoid nodules commonly found in the body?

<p>Respiratory and digestive tracts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tonsils in developing immunity?

<p>Developing immunity to oral pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are found in dense clusters within lymphoid nodules?

<p>T cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of medullary sinuses in the lymph node?

<p>Collecting lymph before leaving via efferent vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides structural support to the lymph nodes along with the capsule and trabeculae?

<p>Reticular fibers laid down by fibroblasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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