Questions and Answers
What is the effect of conditioning on future responding?
Strongest when conditions are the same as those during training.
What is the generalization gradient most similar to?
Stimulus change decrement.
What occurs when a decrease in responding is due to a change in the SD?
A stimulus change decrement.
Which of the following exemplifies response generalization?
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What does response generalization refer to?
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What may stimulus generalization refer to?
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What does stimulus generalization encompass?
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What happens during a stimulus change decrement when a child has 8 interactions in therapy but only 3 outside?
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What does response generalization refer to in terms of trained response?
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Which of the following exemplifies response generalization?
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What does the rate of responding as a function of the variation of a property of a controlling stimulus describe?
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On a generalization gradient, what are the lowest response rates associated with?
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What indicates discrimination with respect to a stimulus on a generalization gradient?
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What may stimulus generalization refer to in terms of stimulus control?
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What do we call a slightly different behavior needed to achieve a task when the new behavior occurs?
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What does stimulus generalization occur in relation to similar stimuli?
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What does response generalization refer to as a result of extinction?
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Which of the following exemplifies response generalization?
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On a generalization gradient, what are the highest response rates associated with?
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What change in behavior is observed when a child puts their whole hand on objects instead of pointing?
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Study Notes
Response Generalization
- Response generalization occurs when variations in behavior contribute to shaping new behaviors.
- Examples include a child learning to sign "I love you" with both hands or adapting behavior to new contexts, such as reaching for cookies in a cabinet instead of climbing.
- The phenomenon indicates the ability to apply learned skills in slightly altered forms.
Stimulus Generalization
- Stimulus generalization refers to behavior being evoked by stimuli similar to the original discriminative stimulus (SD) because they share physical properties.
- Behavior may occur in the presence of irrelevant stimuli, demonstrating loose stimulus control.
- Different behaviors can be exhibited under critical stimulus properties while non-critical properties may vary.
Generalization Gradient
- The generalization gradient illustrates the rate of responding based on the variation of a property in a controlling stimulus.
- Peak response rates are associated with the original stimulus, while response rates decrease for stimuli that differ significantly.
- If discrimination exists, high response rates will occur for the original stimulus with low rates for dissimilar stimuli.
Stimulus Change Decrement
- A stimulus change decrement can occur when there's a decrease in responding due to a change in the SD.
- Example: In group therapy, a child's interaction rate drops from 8 to 3 when the session is held elsewhere, indicating a decrement of 5.
Contextual Influences
- Variations in behavior may arise from extinction processes or changes in context that impact learned responses.
- Stimulus properties play a crucial role in how behaviors are generalized or altered across different scenarios, leading to practical applications in learning and behavior management.
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Test your understanding of response generalization and stimulus generalization with these flashcards. Each card presents key terms and definitions relevant to the topic of conditioning. Perfect for students studying behavioral psychology and learning theories.
