Axons and Nerve Impulses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the receptor or dendritic zone of a neuron?

  • To integrate synaptic connections and generate local potential changes (correct)
  • To transmit impulses away from the cell body
  • To generate action potentials
  • To release neurotransmitters into the synapse

    • What is the site where action potentials are generated in a neuron?

  • The initial node of Ranvier (correct)
  • The cell body
  • The nerve endings
  • The axon hillock

    • What is the function of the axonal process in a neuron?

  • To integrate synaptic connections
  • To release neurotransmitters into the synapse
  • To transmit impulses away from the cell body (correct)
  • To receive synaptic input

    • What is the function of the nerve endings or synaptic area in a neuron?

    <p>To release neurotransmitters into the synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the zone where multiple local potential changes are generated by synaptic connections?

    <p>Receptor or dendritic zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the axon hillock in a neuron?

    <p>To generate action potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the initial node of Ranvier in cutaneous sensory neurons?

    <p>To generate action potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cell body in a neuron?

    <p>To provide nutrients and energy to the neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a neuron?

    <p>To transmit messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus?

    <p>Cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>To conduct impulses toward the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of axons in a neuron?

    <p>To conduct impulses away from the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Nissl substance?

    <p>Specialized rough endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of neurofibrils in a neuron?

    <p>To maintain cell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nucleus of a neuron?

    <p>The control center of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the part of a neuron that contains the metabolic center?

    <p>Cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gap between adjacent neurons?

    <p>Synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most neuron cell bodies found?

    <p>In the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sensory neurons?

    <p>To carry impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for clusters of cell bodies in the CNS?

    <p>Nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of interneurons?

    <p>To connect sensory and motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for neurons that carry impulses from the central nervous system to effector organs?

    <p>Motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the region of the neuron that contains vesicles with neurotransmitters?

    <p>Axonal terminal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for receptors that detect stretch or tension?

    <p>Proprioceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Axons and Nerve Impulses

    • Axons end in axonal terminals containing vesicles with neurotransmitters.
    • Axonal terminals are separated from the next neuron by a gap called the synaptic cleft, also known as a synapse or junction between nerves.

    Location of Neuron Cell Bodies

    • Most neuron cell bodies are found in the central nervous system (CNS).
    • They appear grey in color and are part of the gray matter, consisting of cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers.
    • Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS are referred to as nuclei, while those outside the CNS are called ganglia.

    Types of Neurons

    • Sensory (afferent) neurons carry impulses from sensory receptors, such as cutaneous sense organs and proprioceptors.
    • Motor (efferent) neurons carry impulses from the CNS to effector organs.
    • Interneurons (association neurons) are found in neural pathways in the CNS and connect sensory and motor neurons.

    How Neurons Communicate at Synapses

    • Synapses are the gaps between adjacent neurons where axonal terminals release neurotransmitters to transmit impulses.

    Functional Zones of Neurons

    • Neurons have four important zones: receptor or dendritic zone, site of action potential generation, axonal process transmission of impulse, and nerve endings-synaptic area.
    • The receptor zone receives multiple local potential changes generated by synaptic connections and integrates them.

    Nervous Tissue: Neurons

    • Neurons are nerve cells specialized to transmit messages and consist of a cell body and processes.
    • The cell body contains the nucleus and metabolic center of the cell.

    Neuron Anatomy

    • Cell body components include the nucleus with a large nucleolus, Nissl substance (specialized rough endoplasmic reticulum), and neurofibrils (intermediate cytoskeleton).
    • Extensions outside the cell body include dendrites, which conduct impulses toward the cell body, and axons, which conduct impulses away from the cell body.

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    Description

    Learn about the structure and function of axons, including axonal terminals, neurotransmitters, and the synaptic cleft. Understand the role of synapses in neuronal communication.

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