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Aviation Human Factors: SHELL Concept
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Aviation Human Factors: SHELL Concept

Created by
@EliteSurrealism4617

Questions and Answers

According to the SHELL concept, what refers to the rules and procedures in aviation?

  • ENVIRONMENT
  • SOFTWARE (correct)
  • HARDWARE
  • LIVEWARE

    • Which of the following is NOT part of the HARDWARE in the SHELL concept?

  • Air Traffic Control suites
  • Configuration of controls and surfaces
  • Displays and functional systems
  • Weather Forecast System (correct)

    • What is a primary reason for an aircraft diverting to an alternate airport?

  • Unacceptable weather forecast at the destination (correct)
  • Inadequate ground support equipment at the destination
  • Pilot's lack of knowledge about the destination
  • Poorteamwork among the flight crew

    • Which of the 'dirty dozen' is often a critical human factor element in accident reports?

    <p>Lack of Communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of an individual not contributing to the team effort in aviation?

    <p>Unsafe outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a cause of distraction in aviation?

    <p>Anything that draws a person's attention away from the task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the SHELL concept, what refers to the human beings involved in the aviation system?

    <p>LIVEWARE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of complacency in aviation?

    <p>Loss of awareness of potential dangers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training?

    <p>To train pilots to work effectively as a team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Fatigue Management primarily focused on?

    <p>Scheduling flights and breaks to ensure pilots are well-rested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common Human Factor in maintenance that can lead to errors?

    <p>Lack of Resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Situational Awareness primarily focused on?

    <p>Providing pilots with the information they need to understand their surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of Lack of Assertiveness in maintenance?

    <p>Inability to express opinions and needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of Stress in aviation?

    <p>Increased risk of errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Cockpit Design and Layout?

    <p>To arrange instruments and controls in a way that is intuitive and minimizes pilot workload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common Human Factor in maintenance that can lead to pressure?

    <p>Lack of Resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Spacecraft Habitability in long-duration space missions?

    <p>Creating a safe and comfortable living environment for astronauts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of an aviation maintenance technician overlooking a critical step in the inspection process?

    <p>The aircraft may experience undetected issues, affecting its safe operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Situational Awareness crucial for during an approach?

    <p>Maintaining a stable approach and avoiding accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor to consider in Fatigue Risk Management for astronauts?

    <p>Cardiovascular responses and bone/muscle loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Human Factors In Maintenance?

    <p>Minimizing maintenance errors and ensuring safe operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of astronauts experiencing space motion sickness during extended space missions?

    <p>It can affect their overall well-being during space travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of designing interfaces for spacecraft and mission control centers?

    <p>To make it easy for astronauts and ground personnel to use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Crew Resource Management?

    <p>Effective communication and teamwork among crew members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The SHELL Concept

    • The SHELL concept is a conceptual model of human factors that helps to clarify the location and cause of human error within an aviation environment.
    • The SHELL concept consists of four components: SOFTWARE, HARDWARE, ENVIRONMENT, and LIVEWARE.

    SOFTWARE

    • Rules, procedures, and written documents that are part of the standard operating procedures.

    HARDWARE

    • Air Traffic Control suites, their configuration, controls, and surfaces, displays, and functional systems.

    ENVIRONMENT

    • The situation in which the L-H-S system must function, including the social and economic climate as well as the natural environment.

    LIVEWARE

    • The human beings involved in the system, including controllers, flight crews, engineers, maintenance personnel, management, and administration people.

    The Dirty Dozen

    • 12 human factors in aviation that contribute to errors and accidents:
      • Lack of Communication
      • Complacency
      • Lack of Knowledge
      • Distraction
      • Lack of Teamwork
      • Fatigue
      • Lack of Resources
      • Pressure
      • Lack of Assertiveness
      • Stress
      • Lack of Awareness
      • Norms

    Role of Human Factors in Aviation Safety

    AVIATION

    • Cockpit design and layout to minimize pilot workload
    • Crew Resource Management (CRM) to train pilots to work effectively as a team
    • Fatigue management to ensure pilots are well-rested and alert
    • Situational awareness to provide pilots with necessary information

    AEROSPACE

    • Spacecraft habitability to create a safe and comfortable living environment for astronauts
    • Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to design easy-to-use interfaces
    • Automation and decision support systems to assist astronauts with complex tasks
    • Extravehicular Activity (EVA) suit design to ensure comfort, functionality, and protection

    Examples/Situations

    • Maintenance errors and human factors: overlooked critical steps in maintenance procedures due to fatigue or distractions
    • Situational awareness: loss of situational awareness due to distractions or miscommunication leading to incorrect landings or approaches
    • Space-related health and safety: space motion sickness, cardiovascular responses, and bone/muscle loss during extended space missions

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    Description

    This quiz covers the SHELL Concept, a human factors model used in aviation to identify and address human error. It also touches on pilot decision-making and aircraft operations.

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