Avalanche Types
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of snow required for a loose snow avalanche to occur?

  • Snow with a mix of cohesive and loose layers
  • Snow with high cohesion
  • Snow with poor bonding
  • Snow with low cohesion (correct)

    • What is the primary difference between slab avalanches and loose snow avalanches?

  • Cohesion of snow layers (correct)
  • Size of the avalanche
  • Depth of snow layers
  • Speed of motion

    • Why are slab avalanches considered the most dangerous?

  • They are faster in speed
  • They are larger in size
  • They can start in either shallow or deep snow layers (correct)
  • They are more unpredictable

    • What is the primary factor in the successful rescue of a person buried in an avalanche?

    <p>Actions taken by unburied survivors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when crossing an avalanche track cannot be avoided?

    <p>Select the shortest possible route high on the slope or low in the run-out zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assigning a spotter at the top and bottom of the track?

    <p>To provide a warning signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do with larger packs when crossing an avalanche track?

    <p>Loosen them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should teams performing rescue operations in an avalanche area be mentally prepared?

    <p>For the possibility that they too may be overtaken by an avalanche</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if an acetylene cylinder has been laid on its side?

    <p>Place the cylinder upright and wait at least one hour before using</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to call gases by their proper names?

    <p>To avoid confusion that could cause death or injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smell of ammonia often compared to?

    <p>The smell of drying urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what concentration can ammonia's smell be detected?

    <p>1-50 ppm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of ammonia?

    <p>16%–25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ammonia typically stored?

    <p>In commercial cylinders as a compressed liquefied gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause ammonia to become corrosive and explosive?

    <p>Heat and oxidizing substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum concentration of ammonia that can cause rapid death?

    <p>5000 ppm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of hydrogen sulphide?

    <p>4.3%–45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause dust explosions that create hydrogen sulphide?

    <p>Blasting operations in sulphide ore bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate effect of hydrogen sulphide on humans?

    <p>Paralysis of the sense of smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concentration of hydrogen sulphide that is immediately dangerous to life and health?

    <p>100 PPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic smell of MAPP gas?

    <p>Fishy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of MAPP gas?

    <p>1.8%–11.7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high concentrations of MAPP gas on humans?

    <p>Anaesthetizing effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is MAPP gas stored?

    <p>As a liquid under pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of Nitrogen in the air?

    <p>78.01%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smell of Hydrogen Cyanide?

    <p>Bitter Almond odour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Carbon Monoxide?

    <p>Incomplete combustion, diesel and gas engine exhaust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smell of Sulphur Dioxide?

    <p>Sulphur smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Hydrogen Sulphide?

    <p>Decomposition of some sulphur compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Carbon Dioxide?

    <p>Taste in high concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Oxygen?

    <p>Constituent of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smell of Chlorine?

    <p>Bleach smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does not influence the size and speed of the resonance wave?

    <p>Color of the vehicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable mass of a vehicle in motion for an ice thickness of 12.5 cm?

    <p>9,025 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed limit on ice roads for an empty vehicle?

    <p>35 km/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be the result of the resonance wave on the ice?

    <p>A blowout or an ice failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the range of physiological reactions to adverse temperature conditions?

    <p>Thermal stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Gold's Formula?

    <p>To determine the maximum allowable mass of a vehicle in motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable mass of a vehicle in motion for an ice thickness of 20 cm?

    <p>32,400 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mine rescuers in relation to thermal stress?

    <p>To recognize and adequately respond to thermal stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

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