Autonomic Nervous System Practice Questions
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Questions and Answers

What type of muscle does the somatic nervous system innervate?

  • Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle
  • Skeletal muscle (correct)
  • Glands
  • All of the above

What is the structure of the efferent pathways in the autonomic nervous system?

  • Three neurons, with the cell body of the postganglionic neuron in the CNS
  • Two neurons, with the preganglionic neuron synapsing with the postganglionic neuron (correct)
  • Two neurons, with the postganglionic neuron synapsing with the preganglionic neuron
  • One neuron extending directly to the effector

Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system is true?

  • It contains lightly myelinated or non-myelinated neurons with slow conduction (correct)
  • It is responsible for controlling voluntary movements
  • It is a part of the central nervous system
  • It contains heavily myelinated neurons with fast conduction

What neurotransmitter is released by all preganglionic neurons and some postganglionic neurons?

<p>Acetylcholine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the postganglionic neuron in the autonomic nervous system?

<p>To release neurotransmitters to the effector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the somatic nervous system is true?

<p>It contains heavily myelinated neurons with fast conduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve contains parasympathetic fibers that control the pupillary reflex and also the shape of the lens?

<p>oculomotor (III) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do all preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from in the spinal cord?

<p>lateral horn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following receives sympathetic input ONLY?

<p>a and c (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors bind acetylcholine?

<p>cholinergic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood vessels when sympathetic fibers are stimulated?

<p>they constrict (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pupils in a brightly lit environment or in close vision?

<p>they constrict due to parasympathetic innervation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor to retinal stored in the pigmented layer of the retina?

<p>Vitamin A (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Preganglionic neurons; sympathetic postganglionic neurons; parasympathetic postganglionic neurons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>Digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of layers of the neural retina that incoming light passes through?

<p>Photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of photoreceptors are involved in color/high resolution vision?

<p>Cones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During increased physical activity, which type of receptors are found on the bronchioles and blood vessels serving the skeletal muscles?

<p>Adrenergic B2 receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are adrenergic B1 receptors primarily found?

<p>On the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is characterized by a build-up of aqueous humor in the eye, increasing the intraocular pressure?

<p>Glaucoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding parasympathetic fibers?

<p>Their origin is craniosacral (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ciliary muscles when sympathetic nerve fibers are stimulated to view a distant object?

<p>They relax, decreasing the refractive power of the lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve contains parasympathetic fibers?

<p>Vagus (X) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the light-absorbing molecule bound to a protein called opsin in visual pigments?

<p>Retinal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What membrane do the hair cells of the spiral organ rest upon?

<p>Tectorial membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When sound enters the cochlea, which region will it pass through if it is within our frequency range?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hair cell when the stereocilia pivot in the direction of the tallest stereocilium?

<p>Na+ enters the hair cell and it depolarizes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would lead to conduction deafness?

<p>A and B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hair cells when the basilar membrane vibrates?

<p>The hair cells pivot back and forth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the midbrain is involved in the auditory pathway?

<p>Inferior colliculus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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