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Questions and Answers
Which of the following receptors, when stimulated, would decrease the activity of the Parasympathetic nervous system?
A drug that selectively targets the M3 muscarinic receptors in the heart would most likely have what effect on cardiac output?
A drug that increases the activity of the Sympathetic nervous system would likely have what effect on bronchodilation?
What is a potential adverse response of a drug that targets the α1 adrenergic receptors in the vasculature?
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A drug that selectively targets the nicotinic receptors in the ganglia would likely have what effect on the Autonomic nervous system?
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Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and Pharmacology
- The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) can be targeted by pharmacology to achieve beneficial outcomes
- The ANS consists of two branches: Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) and Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)
Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
- The SNS can be targeted to increase its activity by stimulating:
- β1-adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate and contractility
- α1-adrenergic receptors to increase blood pressure
- The SNS can be targeted to decrease its activity by blocking:
- β1-adrenergic receptors to decrease heart rate and contractility
- α1-adrenergic receptors to decrease blood pressure
Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)
- The PNS can be targeted to increase its activity by stimulating:
- Muscarinic receptors to decrease heart rate and contractility
- The PNS can be targeted to decrease its activity by blocking:
- Muscarinic receptors to increase heart rate and contractility
Site of Action and Selectivity
- The site of action and selectivity of drugs determine the likelihood of adverse responses
- Non-selective drugs can act on multiple receptor subtypes, increasing the risk of adverse effects
- Selective drugs can act specifically on the target receptor, minimizing adverse effects
Autonomic Control of Physiological Processes
- The ANS controls cardiac output, blood pressure, and bronchodilation
- The SNS increases cardiac output and blood pressure, while the PNS decreases them
- The ANS regulates bronchodilation, with the SNS promoting bronchodilation and the PNS promoting bronchoconstriction
Therapeutic Outcomes
- Understanding the ANS's role in controlling cardiac output, blood pressure, and bronchodilation is crucial for therapeutic outcomes
- Targeting the ANS with pharmacological agents can lead to beneficial outcomes in specific scenarios, such as:
- Treatment of hypertension by decreasing SNS activity
- Treatment of bradycardia by increasing SNS activity
- Treatment of asthma by increasing PNS activity
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Description
Learn about the Autonomic Nervous System, its targets, and how drugs affect its activity. Understand the role of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems in cardiac output, blood pressure, and bronchodilation.
