L10 : ANS II: Functions of parasympathetic and sympathetic NS

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What is the main effect of the sympathetic nervous system on gastrointestinal (GI) motility and secretion?

Has no effect on GI motility and secretion

Inhibits GI motility and secretion (correct)

Stimulates GI motility and secretion

Stimulates GI motility but inhibits secretion

Which of the following organ systems has dual innervation by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Respiratory system

Cardiovascular system

Digestive tract (GIT) (correct)

Urinary system

What is the relationship between the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on the same organ?

The effects are always complementary

The effects can be antagonistic, complementary, or cooperative depending on the organ (correct)

The effects are always antagonistic

The effects are always cooperative

What is the purpose of the sympathetic tone?

To maintain blood pressure and blood glucose levels (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the parasympathetic tone (or vagal tone) on the heart?

It decreases heart rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main symptoms of Horner's syndrome?

Drooping eyelid, pupil constriction, and decreased sweating (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an organ system with dual innervation by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the pupil of the eye?

Dilation of the pupil (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors are adrenergic receptors?

G proteincoupled receptors (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter excites more receptors than receptors?

Norepinephrine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of response is typically induced by the interaction of catecholamines with 2 and 2 receptors?

Inhibitory response (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is mainly affected by epinephrine due to its greater effect on stimulating the receptors?

Heart (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter causes stronger constriction of blood vessels in muscles?

Norepinephrine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is the muscarinic receptor M-AChR?

G proteincoupled receptor (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are some postganglionic sympathetic terminals located?

Sweat glands & blood vessels of skeletal muscle (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter released at parasympathetic postganglionic synapses?

Acetylcholine (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Norepinephrine (C) Signup and view all the answers

At which synapses are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors found?

Autonomic ganglia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors on postganglionic neurons?

Sodium ions flow into the cell, causing depolarization and an action potential (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of autonomic ganglion?

Basal ganglion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at autonomic ganglia?

To transmit signals between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about enophthalmos is true?

Both A and B are correct (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nicotinic receptors at the autonomic ganglia?

To transmit signals from preganglionic to postganglionic neurons (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the alarm or stress response?

To increase the body's ability to perform vigorous muscle activity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the sympathetic nervous system during the stress response?

Discharges simultaneously as a complete unit (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stress factor that can trigger the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Prolonged exposure to warm temperatures (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone has a 5 to 10 times greater metabolic effect than norepinephrine?

Epinephrine (B) Signup and view all the answers

During the stress response, what happens to the blood flow to active muscles?

It increases to provide more oxygen and nutrients (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the stress response on cellular metabolism throughout the body?

It increases cellular metabolism to provide more energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a result of the stress response?

Decreased glycolysis in the liver and muscles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormones released during the stress response?

To provide extra activation of the body in states of stress (B) Signup and view all the answers

What involuntary body functions are primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Digestion, respiration, and heart rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for constricting pupils and slowing heart rate?

Parasympathetic NS (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is associated with activities like dilation of pupils and increasing heart rate?

Sympathetic NS (B) Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on arterial blood pressure?

Increase (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates gastrointestinal motility and secretion?

Parasympathetic NS (B) Signup and view all the answers

'Far vision' is primarily associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Sympathetic NS (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing blood flow to active muscles and organs?

Sympathetic NS (B) Signup and view all the answers

'Near vision' is primarily associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system?

'Near vision' is primarily associated with the parasympathetic (A) Signup and view all the answers

L10 : ANS II: Functions of parasympathetic and sympathetic NS

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Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of the sympathetic nervous system on gastrointestinal (GI) motility and secretion?

Which of the following organ systems has dual innervation by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

What is the relationship between the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on the same organ?

What is the purpose of the sympathetic tone?

What is the role of the parasympathetic tone (or vagal tone) on the heart?

What are the main symptoms of Horner's syndrome?

Which of the following is an organ system with dual innervation by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

What is the main effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the pupil of the eye?

What type of receptors are adrenergic receptors?

Which neurotransmitter excites more receptors than receptors?

What type of response is typically induced by the interaction of catecholamines with 2 and 2 receptors?

Which of the following organs is mainly affected by epinephrine due to its greater effect on stimulating the receptors?

Which neurotransmitter causes stronger constriction of blood vessels in muscles?

Which type of receptor is the muscarinic receptor M-AChR?

Where are some postganglionic sympathetic terminals located?

What is the primary neurotransmitter released at parasympathetic postganglionic synapses?

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

At which synapses are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors found?

What happens when acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors on postganglionic neurons?

Which of the following is NOT a type of autonomic ganglion?

What is the primary function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at autonomic ganglia?

Which statement about enophthalmos is true?

What is the primary function of the nicotinic receptors at the autonomic ganglia?

What is the primary purpose of the alarm or stress response?

What is the primary effect of the sympathetic nervous system during the stress response?

Which of the following is NOT a stress factor that can trigger the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Which hormone has a 5 to 10 times greater metabolic effect than norepinephrine?

During the stress response, what happens to the blood flow to active muscles?

What is the primary effect of the stress response on cellular metabolism throughout the body?

Which of the following is NOT a result of the stress response?

What is the primary function of the hormones released during the stress response?

What involuntary body functions are primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for constricting pupils and slowing heart rate?

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is associated with activities like dilation of pupils and increasing heart rate?

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on arterial blood pressure?

Which division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates gastrointestinal motility and secretion?

'Far vision' is primarily associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing blood flow to active muscles and organs?

'Near vision' is primarily associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system?

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