Autoimmune Diseases: Host Factors in Etiology

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Why is autotolerance important in the context of the immune system?

To activate the immune system against foreign antigens
To enhance the response to self antigens and induce autoimmune diseases
To prevent reaction to self antigens and avoid autoimmune diseases (correct)
To target self antigens aggressively causing autoimmune diseases

Which type of tolerance may be induced by some microbes and tumors to evade the immune system?

Peripheral B-cell tolerance
Autoimmunity
Acquired tolerance (correct)
Central B-cell tolerance

How does Ag-sequestration contribute to autotolerance?

By presenting antigens in neural tissue
By activating T cells in peripheral tissues
By hiding antigens in locations like cornea and sperms (correct)
By exposing antigens to the immune system

What is the central mechanism of B cell-tolerance?

Deletion of immature B cells recognizing self antigens with high affinity (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does central T cell tolerance contribute to autotolerance?

By deleting immature T cells recognizing antigens with high affinity in the thymus (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which purpose does autotolerance serve when it comes to autoimmune diseases?

Treating autoimmune diseases (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which mature T cells become incapable of responding to self antigens in peripheral tissues?

Deletion due to repeated activation without co-stimulation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that helps in the induction of acquired tolerance?

Very high doses inducing tolerance (C) Signup and view all the answers

In autoimmune diseases, what is the cause of tissue damage?

Production of autoantibodies and auto-reactive T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to autoimmunity?

Inhibition of Mph & DC function by Treg cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role do Auto Abs and auto-reactive T cells play in autoimmune diseases?

Causing tissue damage (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT help in maintaining tolerance to an antigen?

Activation of T cells with co-stimulation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key genetic factor contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases?

Inheritance of certain MHC alleles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of tissue damage in most autoimmune diseases?

Type II cytotoxic reaction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following environmental factors can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases?

Exposure to cross-reactive antigens (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases?

T helper cells help B cells produce autoantibodies (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following host factors can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases?

Impaired T cell function (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hormonal factors in the etiology of autoimmune diseases?

Hormones stimulate the immune system and increase autoimmunity (B) Signup and view all the answers