Attachment Styles in Psychology

Attachment Styles

• Anxious/Ambivalent Attachment: Characterized by a desire for intimacy alongside fear of it. Caused by inconsistent caregiver treatment.
• Dismissive Attachment: Views others as unworthy of love, while seeing self as adequate but detached from intimate relationships. Often results from a caregiver's disinterest, rejection, or abuse.
• Fearful Attachment: Perceives self as unworthy of love; fostered by dismissive, rejecting, or abusive caregiver behavior.
• Secure Attachment: Developed through consistently loving and attentive caregivers. Involves viewing self and others as worthy and comfortable in both solitary and intimate relationships.
• Attachment Style: A pattern of interaction, dictating a child's understanding of self, others, and relationships, established through the child's primary caregiver.

Self and Identity

• Direct Definition: Communication that explicitly labels and reacts to our behaviors. Initially from family, later expands to peers and others.
• Downer: Someone who communicates negatively about personal worth.
• Generalized Other: A perception of group/community rules, roles, and attitudes.
• Life Script: A guide to action, defined by rules for living and identity. Originates in family, shaping roles and life plot.
• Particular Others: Significant people influencing self-worth, perspectives, and values.
• Reflected Appraisal: Others' communication about our worth and identity, contributing to self-image.
• Self: A multi-faceted process evolving through communication with others and the self.

Communication and Relationships

• Self-Disclosure: Revealing personal information unlikely to be known otherwise.
• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: Acting/communicating in ways consistent with others' (or one's own) expectations.
• Self-Sabotage: Negative self-talk hindering belief in self and motivation.
• Social Comparison: Evaluating talents, abilities, qualities based on others' comparisons.
• Uncertainty Reduction Theory: People communicate to reduce uncertainty and discomfort in unfamiliar situations.
• Upper: Someone who communicates positive messages about self-worth.
• Vulture: Someone who attacks self-esteem, potentially harming others or the self.

Love Styles

• Agape: Selfless love focused on another's happiness.
• Autonomy/Connection: A relationship dialectic emphasizing personal independence and intimacy.
• Commitment: The decision to remain in a relationship – crucial to long-term success, more impacting than love alone.
• Commitment: In relationships, the decision to stay, more influential than love alone.
• Eros: Passionate, intense, and erotic love style.
• Ludus: Playful, potentially manipulative love style.
• Mania: Obsessive, often insecure-based love style.
• Pragma: Practical, criteria-based love style, focusing on measurable qualities of the other person.
• Storage: Friendship-based love, even-keeled style.

Relationship Dynamics and Decay

• Dyadic Processes: Second stage in relationship deterioration, involving problem discussion and exploration of alternative futures.
• Equity Theory: Relationships are happiest when perceived benefits and costs are equal.
• Investment: Resources in a relationship (unrecoverable) that increase commitment.
• Grave Dressing Processes: Final stage of relationship decay, where meaning is assigned to the relationship's end.
• Intrapsychic Processes: Initial phase of relationship disintegration, involving brooding and dissatisfaction.
• Novelty/Predictability: A relationship dialectic balancing spontaneous experiences and familiar routines.
• Openness/Closedness: A relationship dialectic balancing sharing private information and maintaining privacy.
• Passion: Deep positive feelings and desires; distinct from and not equivalent to commitment.
• Personal Relationship: Unique, rule-governed relationships, embedded in contexts—replaceable, unlike social ones.
• Relationship Culture: A relationship's unique rules, understandings, and patterns.
• Relationship Dialectics: Tensions between opposing forces (autonomy/connection, novelty/predictability, openness/closedness) in relationships.
• Resurrection Processes: Individual redefinition and future planning post-relationship dissolution.
• Rules: Patterns of behaving and interpreting in all relationships.
• Turning Points: Experiences or events increasing or decreasing relationship intimacy.

Group Dynamics

• Brainstorming: A group technique for idea generation without initial criticism.
• Climate Communication: Creating and maintaining an open atmosphere in groups.
• Cohesion: Closeness (esprit de corps) among group members.
• Constructive Conflict: Respectful disagreement, focusing on shared goals.
• Disruptive Conflict: Competitive disagreement, focusing on self-interest.
• Egocentric Communication: Unconstructive ways to block others or gain attention.
• Group: Two or more interacting, interdependent people following rules to reach goals.
• Groupthink: Absence of independent thought in group decision-making.
• Leadership: Behaviors fostering a positive climate and group task accomplishment.
• Norm: Informal rules dictating thoughts, feelings, and actions in a group.
• Power: Influence in groups, impacting participation.
• Power Over: Ability to harm or help others, often highlighting status.
• Power To: Empowering others to reach goals, often downplaying status.
• Procedural Communication: Organizing ideas, coordinating contributions.
• Quality Improvement Team: Collaboration to solve problems or enhance work quality.
• Social Climbing: Increasing status by gaining approval of high-status members.
• Synergy: Increased vitality and strengths from the collaborative effort of members.
• Task Communication: Focusing on presenting and analyzing information.
• Team: A specialized group, characterized by members' diverse and complementary contributions and collective identity.

Organizational Communication

• Communication Network: Formal and informal links among organizational members.
• Organizational Culture: Shared understandings of identity, codes, and actions within an organization.
• Policy: Formal statement reflecting organizational culture and practices.
• Rite: Planned activities highlighting cultural values.
• Ritual: Regular, perceived routine communication expressing organizational values or role definitions.
• Role: Responsibilities and expected behaviors based on position.
• Structure: Organized relationships and interactions within an organization. This includes roles, rules, policies, and communication networks.
• Workplace Bullying: Recurring hostile behaviors, often by those with greater power.

Public Speaking and Presentation Skills

• Cognitive Restructuring: Adjusting thoughts about speaking situations.
• Communication Apprehension: Anxiety associated with communication.
• Comparison: Demonstrating similarities or differences between things.
• Credibility: Establishing belief in a speaker's statements and actions.
• Derived Credibility: Expert/trustworthiness based on how the speaker communicates.
• Evidence: Material supporting arguments (statistics, examples, comparisons, quotations).
• Example: Illustrating points with cases, whether detailed, hypothetical, or anecdotal.
• Extemporaneous Delivery: Prepared speaking, not memorized.
• Halo Effect: Attributing expertise unrelated to actual skills.
• Impromptu Delivery: Speaking without preparation.
• Initial Credibility: Expertise/trustworthiness before a presentation.
• Manuscript Delivery: Reading a prepared speech.
• Memorized Delivery: Delivering from memory.
• Oral Footnote: Acknowledging and explaining evidence sources.
• Oral Style: Visual, vocal, and verbal aspects of delivery.
• Positive Visualization: Reducing anxiety through effective communication imagery.
• Quotation: Exact citations from other sources.
• Skills Training: Reducing anxiety through gaining communication skills.
• Specific Purpose: Objectives of a speech.
• Speech to Entertain: Purpose is to amuse and interest listeners.
• Speech to Inform: Purpose is to increase listener understanding or knowledge.
• Speech to Persuade: Purpose is to change listener attitudes or behaviors.
• Statistics: Numbers summarizing cases or demonstrating relationships.

Explore the various attachment styles that shape our self-perception and relational dynamics. This quiz delves into anxious, dismissive, fearful, and secure attachment styles, providing insights into their origins and implications. Understanding these concepts is essential for personal development and improving interpersonal relationships.