Atoms, Electrons, Conductors, and Insulators
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Questions and Answers

What are the ways to increase the strength of a magnetic field produced by a coil?

  • Wrapping the coil around a copper core
  • Using an aluminum core
  • Decreasing the number of turns in the coil
  • Increasing the current (correct)

A magnetic field moving across a wire coil can induce a voltage in the coil.

True (A)

What is the primary function of transformers?

Transformers adjust voltage between primary and secondary coils by changing the number of coils on each side.

Capacitors store energy by separating ______ and negative charges on two plates.

<p>positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a capacitor's power supply is cut off, what happens?

<p>The charges are released, providing power briefly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of alternating current (AC)?

<p>It flows backward and forward in a circuit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Direct current (DC) is commonly supplied by batteries.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of where alternating current is commonly sourced.

<p>Alternating current is the most common source of power in homes, buildings, schools and workplaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of transformers, what happens if the secondary coil has significantly fewer turns than the primary coil?

<p>The voltage in the secondary coil will be lower than in the primary coil. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A device called a power ______ converts alternating current to direct current or vice versa.

<p>electronic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle is responsible for electrical current in a conductor?

<p>Electron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insulators facilitate the easy flow of electrons due to their loosely bound valence electrons.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the outermost electron shell of an atom, which determines its conductive properties?

<p>Valence shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

The unit of electrical current, representing the flow of electric charge, is the ______.

<p>amp</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their descriptions:

<p>Voltage = The electrical potential difference or pressure that drives current in a circuit. Current = The rate of flow of electric charge. Resistance = The opposition to the flow of electric current. Conductor = A material that allows electric current to flow easily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing the length of a wire typically have on its electrical resistance?

<p>Increases resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A closed circuit prevents the flow of electrons.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using scientific notation, approximately how many electrons are contained in one coulomb of charge?

<p>6.242 x 10^18</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electrical context, what best describes a 'joule per coulomb'?

<p>Volt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which a coil of wire generates a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it is known as ______.

<p>electromagnetism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atoms

The basic building blocks of matter, differing slightly based on the material.

Protons

Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Valence Shell

An atom's outermost shell where electrons are loosely bound.

Conductors

Materials that allow electrons to flow easily.

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Circuit

A complete path for electrons to flow between the positive and negative terminals of a power source.

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Voltage

The pushing force of electrons in a circuit.

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Current

The flow of electrons, measured in amps.

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Resistance

Restriction to the flow of electrons in a circuit.

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Resistors

Components designed to restrict electron flow.

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Electromagnetism

Generation of a magnetic field by passing current through a wire coil.

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Magnetic Field Intensification

A coil enhances the magnetic field, influencing electrons in the wire.

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Strengthening a Magnetic Field

Wrapping a coil around an iron core, increasing the number of turns, or increasing the current.

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Voltage Induction

A magnetic field induces a voltage in a wire, creating an electromotive force.

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Transformer Function

Transformers use coils to induce voltage from a primary coil to a secondary coil.

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Voltage Adjustment in Transformers

Adjusting the coils on each side of a transformer changes the voltage between primary and secondary coils.

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Capacitor Charge Storage

Capacitors store charge by separating positive and negative charges across two plates.

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Capacitor Discharge

Releases stored charges when power is interrupted, providing power for a short time.

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Alternating Current (AC)

Current that periodically reverses direction.

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Direct Current (DC)

Current that flows in one direction only.

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Power Electronics

Convert AC to DC and vice versa; vital for adapting power for different devices.

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Study Notes

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Description

Examine the structure of atoms, including protons, neutrons, and electrons, and differentiate between conductors and insulators. Learn about valence shells and how they facilitate electron flow in conductive materials like metals, contrasting them with insulators such as glass and rubber.

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