Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes a neutral atom?

  • It has the same number of protons and neutrons.
  • It has different numbers of protons and electrons.
  • It has the same number of protons and electrons. (correct)
  • It has a net positive charge.

Which statement correctly describes an ion?

  • It is electrically neutral.
  • It can be formed from multiple atoms.
  • It always has the same number of neutrons as protons.
  • It has different numbers of protons and electrons. (correct)

How would you represent a lithium ion with a +1 charge?

  • Li+1 (correct)
  • Li-1
  • Li0
  • Li+2

Which of the following describes a negatively charged atom?

<p>More electrons than protons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total electrons does the Al+3 ion contain?

<p>10 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an atom has 4 protons and 5 electrons, what is its charge?

<p>-1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when an atom loses an electron?

<p>Ionization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these isotopes of Lithium has the highest mass number?

<p>8Li (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of neutrons in the isotope 7Li?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following atoms would be represented as Ca +2?

<p>An atom that has lost two electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an element represented by its protons count?

<p>The number of protons only. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which positive ion has 25 total electrons after losing electrons?

<p>Co+2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the notation 12C, what does the number 6 represent?

<p>Atomic number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes isotopes?

<p>Same protons and different neutrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which positive ion has lost 5 electrons according to common understanding?

<p>Ti+5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of isotopes?

<p>Atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many neutrons are present in a Sodium atom, given it has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23?

<p>12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a neutral atom, how does the number of protons compare to the number of electrons?

<p>The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of an element with 8 protons and 8 neutrons?

<p>16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an atom of Carbon has 6 protons, how many electrons does it have, if it is neutral?

<p>6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What governs the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second energy level in an atom?

<p>The formula $2n^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you find the number of neutrons in an atom using the periodic table?

<p>Subtract atomic number from atomic mass. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Bohr model of an atom, how many electrons can the first energy level hold?

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An atom has 10 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its mass number?

<p>22 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What subatomic particle carries a positive charge?

<p>Proton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the mass of subatomic particles?

<p>Electrons have a mass of less than 1 amu. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a neutral atom, which of the following conditions holds true?

<p>Number of protons equals the number of electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the atomic number defined?

<p>The number of protons in an atom. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the identity of an atom?

<p>The number of protons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes neutrons?

<p>Neutral particles with mass similar to protons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

<p>Atomic mass minus atomic number. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are electrons located in an atom?

<p>In defined orbits around the nucleus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is an atom?

The smallest unit of matter, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

What are protons?

Positively charged particles found in the atom's nucleus.

What are neutrons?

Neutral particles found in the atom's nucleus.

What are electrons?

Negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

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What is an atom's atomic number?

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which defines its element.

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What is an atom's mass number?

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

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What are isotopes?

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge.

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Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus. It determines the element's identity.

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Mass Number

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

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Proton

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron

A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

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Neutron

A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Bohr Model

A model of an atom that represents its structure with electrons orbiting the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells.

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Ion

An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge.

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Ionization

The process of an atom gaining or losing electrons to become an ion.

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What are cations?

Positively charged ions formed by losing electrons.

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What are anions?

Negatively charged ions formed by gaining electrons.

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What is the atomic number?

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element.

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What is the mass number?

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

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What is ionization?

The process of an atom losing electrons to become positively charged.

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What is the charge of an ion?

The number of electrons an atom gains or loses to form a specific ion.

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What is the hyphen notation for Deuterium?

Hydrogen-2. It has one proton and one neutron.

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What is the hyphen notation for 6Li?

Lithium-6. It has 3 protons and 3 neutrons.

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What is the hyphen notation for 7Li?

Lithium-7. It has 3 protons and 4 neutrons.

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What is the element and atomic/mass numbers of these isotopes: 12C, 13C, 14C?

The element is Carbon, the atomic number is 6, and the mass numbers are 12, 13, and 14.

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How many protons and neutrons are in the first isotope (12C)?

6 protons and 6 neutrons.

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Study Notes

Atomic Structure & Periodic Table

  • Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass
  • All matter is made of atoms
  • Atoms are the building blocks of matter
  • Atoms are too small to be seen
  • A penny contains 2 x 1022 atoms
  • Atoms have protons, neutrons, and electrons

Structure of the Atom

  • An atom is the smallest unit of matter
  • Atoms contain a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons
  • Protons are positively charged particles
  • Neutrons are neutral particles (have no charge)
  • Electrons are negatively charged particles
  • Protons and neutrons are much heavier than electrons
  • Electrons are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus
  • Electrons are in constant motion
  • Electrons are responsible for the atom’s reactions

Periodic Table Information

  • Atomic Number is equal to the number of protons
  • The number of protons determines the element
  • In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons
  • Mass Number = number of protons + number of neutrons
  • Electron number = atomic number

Rules for electron arrangement

  • 1st energy level holds up to 2 electrons
  • 2nd energy level holds up to 8 electrons
  • 3rd energy level holds up to 18 electrons

Ions

  • Ions are atoms with a positive or negative charge
  • Positive ions (cations) lose electrons
  • Negative ions (anions) gain electrons

Isotopes

  • Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
  • Isotopes have the same number of protons but different mass numbers
  • Mass number = protons + neutrons
  • Isotopes have the same atomic number

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Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Notes PDF

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