30 Questions
What is the main concept that explains the distribution of electrons among orbitals in an atom?
Electron configuration
Which of the following principles states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals available?
Electron configuration principle
In which subshell do electrons go into in the transition elements, according to the Aufbau process?
d subshell
What determines the group number of an A-group element?
Number of electrons in the principal shell of highest quantum number
What is the relationship between the period number and the highest number of principal shell containing electrons?
The period number is the same as the highest number of principal shell containing electrons
What is the composition of the nucleus in Rutherford's atomic model?
Protons and neutrons
Which of the following statements is a key idea required to write a probable electron configuration?
Electrons occupy orbitals singly rather than in pairs
What is the average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of an element based on their percentage abundances?
Atomic mass
What is the relationship between the velocity, frequency, and wavelength of electromagnetic radiation?
c = νλ
What is the characteristic of the emission spectrum of an atom?
A discrete set of wavelength components
What is the energy of a photon according to Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect?
E = hν
What is the result of an electron falling from a higher to a lower energy level in Bohr's theory?
Emission of a discrete amount of energy
What is the shape of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals?
Tetrahedral
What is the bond angle in CH4?
109.50°
What type of hybridization does PCl5 exhibit?
sp3d
How many hybrid orbitals are required to describe bonding in SF6?
6
What type of bond consists of one σ and one π bond?
Double covalent bond
What is the type of hybridization involved in the formation of C2H4?
sp2
What is the symbol used to represent the magnitude of a bond dipole moment?
µ
What determines the magnitude of the partial charges in a bond dipole moment?
Electronegativity difference
In which direction are dipole vectors typically drawn?
From the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative atom
What is the condition for a molecule to be polar?
It must contain at least one polar covalent bond, and the sum of the vectors of each bond dipole moment does not cancel
Why is the trans isomer non-polar?
Because the C – Cl bond polarities balance each other
What is the direction of the molecular dipole in the cis-isomer?
Pointing between the Cl atoms
What is the condition for an atom to be electrically neutral?
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
What is the term for the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom?
Mass number
What happens when an atom gains one or more electrons?
It becomes an anion
What is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number?
The number of neutrons
What is the charge of an atom with 11 protons and 10 electrons?
1+
What happens when an atom loses one or more electrons?
It becomes a cation
Test your knowledge of atomic structure, including the composition of the nucleus, types of radiation, and atomic masses. Learn about Rutherford's atomic model and how mass spectrometry is used to determine atomic masses and isotopic abundances.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
