Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the charge of an atom that has gained 2 electrons?
What is the charge of an atom that has gained 2 electrons?
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and electrons.
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and electrons.
False (B)
What is the name of the negatively charged ion?
What is the name of the negatively charged ion?
Anion
The ______ is the center of the atom, containing protons and neutrons.
The ______ is the center of the atom, containing protons and neutrons.
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Match the following orbitals with their shapes:
Match the following orbitals with their shapes:
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Electrons fill orbitals of the same energy level before pairing up to minimize repulsion.
Electrons fill orbitals of the same energy level before pairing up to minimize repulsion.
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Which of the following elements has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹?
Which of the following elements has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹?
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Write the electron configuration for Oxygen (O).
Write the electron configuration for Oxygen (O).
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Which of the following units belong to the English system?
Which of the following units belong to the English system?
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The metric system is also known as the International System of Units (SI).
The metric system is also known as the International System of Units (SI).
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What are the three states of matter, and briefly describe their defining characteristics?
What are the three states of matter, and briefly describe their defining characteristics?
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The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of ______ in its nucleus.
The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of ______ in its nucleus.
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Match the following subatomic particles with their respective charges:
Match the following subatomic particles with their respective charges:
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What is the atomic mass of an atom with 6 protons and 8 neutrons?
What is the atomic mass of an atom with 6 protons and 8 neutrons?
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Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
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Explain why units are essential for scientific measurements and communication?
Explain why units are essential for scientific measurements and communication?
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Which of the following units is used to measure volume?
Which of the following units is used to measure volume?
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Electrons and protons attract each other, increasing the energy level of the system.
Electrons and protons attract each other, increasing the energy level of the system.
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What are the three main components of an atom?
What are the three main components of an atom?
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The ability to do work or cause change is known as ______.
The ability to do work or cause change is known as ______.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Metals are generally found on the right side of the periodic table.
Metals are generally found on the right side of the periodic table.
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What is the difference between an atom's atomic number and its mass number?
What is the difference between an atom's atomic number and its mass number?
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Which of the following is an example of a metalloid?
Which of the following is an example of a metalloid?
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Flashcards
Element
Element
A substance made of only one type of atom, defined by protons.
Ion
Ion
An atom that has gained or lost electrons, forming a charge.
Anion
Anion
A negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.
Cation
Cation
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Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
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s Orbital
s Orbital
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p Orbital
p Orbital
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Energy Level Diagram
Energy Level Diagram
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Importance of Units
Importance of Units
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Metric vs English Units
Metric vs English Units
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Measurement Conversion
Measurement Conversion
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Definition of Matter
Definition of Matter
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States of Matter
States of Matter
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Protons and Electrons
Protons and Electrons
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Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
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Isotopes
Isotopes
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Metric and English Units
Metric and English Units
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Components of an Atom
Components of an Atom
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Force Definition
Force Definition
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Energy States
Energy States
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Charge Interactions
Charge Interactions
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Periodic Table Groups
Periodic Table Groups
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Periodic Table Periods
Periodic Table Periods
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Study Notes
Overall Tips
- Review video assignments and notes, focusing on questions included in weekly assignments (some will be on the exam).
- Create a study sheet with important terms and concepts.
- Review in-class activities (these provide additional practice from video assignments).
- Complete extra practice problems (optional but good practice); these are found in weekly modules (e.g., a worksheet for week 1).
- Completing all these steps will prepare you well for the exam.
Learning Objectives Guide for Atomic Structure, Matter, and Units
- This guide outlines key concepts for atomic structure, matter, and measurement units.
Units and Their Importance
- Units are crucial for scientific measurement and communication; they ensure consistency and allow comparison of results.
- Scientists use various unit systems, including metric (meter, gram, liter) and English (inches, pounds, gallon).
- Students need to convert between metric units of length, volume, and mass (e.g., grams to kilograms, liters to milliliters).
- Memorize prefixes kilo, centi, and milli.
Matter and States of Matter
- Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
- Matter exists in three states: solid (fixed shape and volume), liquid (fixed volume, takes container shape), and gas (no fixed shape or volume, fills container).
Atomic Structure and Elements
- Atoms contain subatomic particles: protons (positive charge, 1 amu), electrons (negative charge, negligible mass), and neutrons (no charge, 1 amu).
- Atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons within the atom.
- Atomic mass: sum of the protons and neutrons.
- Understand isotopes (same element, different number of neutrons, and masses)
- Know the properties of an element – defined by the number of protons and their mass differences.
- Learn the formulas and how to calculate charge and mass of an atom
- Understand definitions of ions (atoms that have gained or lost electrons): Anions (negatively charged ion), Cations (positively charged ion)
- Know the names and symbols of the first 18 elements.
Atomic 3-D Structure and Electrostatics
- Opposite charges attract, and similar charges repel.
- The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, holding most of the atom's mass
- Electrons occupy orbitals around the nucleus (Regions in space around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be).
- Orbitals have specific shapes: s (spherical), p (dumbbell), d, and f (more complex).
Electron Configuration and Energy
- Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy level, starting with the lowest energy orbitals first.
- Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins. Electrons will fill singly before pairing up in the same orbital.
- Know how to write electron configurations for elements 1-20.
Practice Problems and Activities
- Practice writing electron configurations for elements.
- Practice drawing orbital energy diagrams.
- Use energy level diagrams to illustrate electron filling.
Key Concepts to Review
- Convert metric and English units for length, mass, volume, and density.
- Understand atomic structure and components related to an element's properties.
- Know how to apply electron configurations and how energy levels affect stability, electron behavior, and orbital filling.
Key Concepts: Forces and Energy
- Force: the interaction between objects that cause attraction (pull) or repulsion (push).
- Energy: The ability to do work or cause change.
- Opposite charges attract: lowering energy.
- Like charges repel and increase energy.
- Energy states and stability- Systems tend toward lower energy states for greater stability.
Charge Interactions and Energy
- Opposite charges attract, decreasing energy.
- Like charges repel, increasing energy.
- Distance between charges affects strength of interactions.
Periodic Table and its Organization
- Use the periodic table to identify metals, metalloids, and nonmetals; classify alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and the noble gases.
- Understand groups and periods within the periodic table and their connection to elements' properties.
- Know elements 18-36 names, their corresponding symbols, and recognize diatomic molecules, which are seven elements found in nature as diatomic molecules.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts related to atomic structure, matter, and the importance of measurement units. It is designed to help students prepare for assessments by reviewing essential terms and concepts and practicing with unit conversions. Understanding these foundations will enhance scientific communication and analysis.
