Exam 1 CHEM 106-014

<p>17 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>± 0.445 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platform balance, ± 0.1 g (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No definite shape and definite volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protons and neutrons in nucleus; electrons in orbitals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two or more atoms chemically joined together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cobalt-60 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mud and water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18.8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>70 km/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>64.4°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>351°F (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>952 g (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3.01 × 10²⁴ atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Waves cancel each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4.688 × 10^14 Hz (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both a wave and particle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.81 × 10^-10 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-3.03 × 10^-19 J (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6.49 × 10^15 photons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excitation of electrons followed by emission of light photons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3.83 × 10^-3 J (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of digits in a measurement that are known with certainty and one uncertain digit.

Converting a given unit of speed or volume from one system (e.g., US customary) to the metric system is calculated by given conversion factors.

Formula: °C = (°F - 32) / 1.8

Formula: °F = (K - 273) * 1.8 + 32.

Mass (g) = Moles *(Molar Mass).

Number of atoms = (Moles of substance)(Number of atoms per molecule)(Avogadro's number).

Out-of-phase waves having the same amplitude, cancel each other out.

Weighted average of the masses of naturally occurring isotopes based on their relative abundances. Formula: Average atomic mass = [(fraction of isotope 1) × (mass of isotope 1)] + [(fraction of isotope 2) × (mass of isotope 2)]

The bending of a wave around an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength.

The frequency of electromagnetic radiation is related to its wavelength by the speed of light (c): v = c / λ.

The concept that particles, like electrons, can exhibit wave-like properties and vice versa.

The wavelength associated with a particle, calculated from its momentum and Planck's constant.

Electrons move between energy levels within atoms, emitting or absorbing light corresponding to the energy difference between levels.

The energy change associated with an electron transition from n=3 to n=2 energy level in a hydrogen atom , is -4.09 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.

The total energy of a light source, divided by the energy per photon (calculated from the light's wavelength) gives the number of photons involved.

Fireworks light produced by the excitation of electrons to higher energy levels in atoms of burning metals, followed by the emission of light photons.

The degree of error associated with a measurement. It's usually, but not always represented by plus-or-minus, such as ±0.01 g

Represents how close a measurement is to the true value. A more accurate scale will have a smaller uncertainty or error

Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Atoms consist of a nucleus (containing protons and neutrons) surrounded by orbiting electrons.

A molecule is formed when two or more atoms chemically bond together.

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

A mixture where the components are evenly distributed and are indistinguishable

A property that does not depend on the amount of substance present.

Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. It is calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume. A substance with higher density will sink in a substance with lower density.

Atomic Notation is a shorthand way of representing an atom. It uses the element symbol, the atomic number (number of protons), the mass number (total number of protons and neutrons), and sometimes the charge of the atom. The format is: (atomic number)X(mass number) where X is the element symbol. For example, 12C6 represents a carbon atom with 6 protons and 6 neutrons.

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the element. Every atom of a specific element will have the same number of protons. It is also equal to the atomic number. For example, all carbon atoms have 6 protons.

The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus determines the isotope of an element. Different isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. For example, Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are both isotopes of carbon, but Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons while Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.

The net charge of an atom is determined by the balance between the number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge). When an atom loses or gains electrons, it becomes an ion with a positive or negative charge, respectively. For example, Na+ has lost an electron, while Cl- has gained an electron.